Comparison and preparation of multilayered polylactic acid fabric strengthen calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes for orthopedic applications

Abstract

An attempt to maintain the three-dimensional space into restorative sites through the conveniently pack porous fillers are general used strategy. Advancement in the manufacturing protective shells in the scaffolds, which would be filled with brittle ceramic grafts for the development of highly connective pores provides the approach to solve crack problem for generating the tissues. Therefore, multilayered braided and alkalized poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) were synthesized and compared. The PLA/CPC composites were divided into various groups according to a series of heat-treatment temperatures (100-190 °C) and periods (1-3 h) and then characterized. The effects of 24-h immersion on the strength decay resistance of the samples were compared. Results showed that the residual oil capped on the surfaces of alkalized PLA braid was removed, and the structure was unaltered. However, the reduced tensile stress of alkalized PLA braids was due to ester-group formation by hydrolysis. Mechanical test results of PLA/CPC composites showed that the strength significantly increased after heat treatment, except when the heating temperature was higher than the PLA melting point at approximately 160-170 °C. The degree of PLA after recrystallization became higher than that of unheated composites, thereby leading to reduced strength and toughness of the specimen. Braiding fibers of biodegradable PLA reinforced and toughened the structure particularly of the extra-brittle material of thin-sheet CPC after implantation.

Poly (lactic acid)-based biomaterials for orthopaedic regenerative engineering

“…For example, recently Charles et al showed that PLA composites reinforced with PLLA fibers/HA fabricated by a compaction technique exhibited a linear increase in tensile modulus with increasing HA content (9.7 GPa for 15% HA vs 8.3 GPa for 0% HA) [39]. Likewise, Chen et al utilized braided and a multilayered PLA fabric to improve the mechanical properties of the otherwise brittle calcium phosphate (CaP) composites [40]. Similarly, incorporation of bioactive glass into SR-PLAs was also observed to result in improved mechanical properties of the composites, making these screws more suitable for intervertebral ossification [41].…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Filled with Poly[2-(tert-butylaminoethyl) Methacrylate]-Grafted Graphene Oxide Nanosheets

“…Figure S2 (Supplementary Materials) shows the functioning domain for electrospinning 7 wt % PVA solution with various GNS, GO-g-PTA-F, and GO-g-PTA-A contents. Functioning domains [ 35 , 36 ] are the operating windows of electric field and flow rates that are required for a stable cone-jet mode. The lower- and upper-bound electric fields are denoted as V s and V us , respectively.…”

“…The experiment was conducted in accordance with ISO 10993-5:2009 ( n = 6). The detailed procedures for the metabolic activity of fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells cultured in the extracts are described in previous studies [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The effects of the macrospheres on NIH-3T3 metabolic activity were determined using a commercial AlamarBlueVR assay (AbD Serotec) to determine cell viability.…”

A comparison of the heat treatment duration and the multilayered effects on the poly(lactic) acid braid reinforced calcium phosphate cements used as bone tissue engineering scaffold

“…The CPC composed of TTCP and DCPA [8], and their reactors mainly neutralize these acidic properties after reaction; as a result, the biocompatibility of this material is high in PLA/CPC composites. Furthermore, oversaturated Ca 2þ and phosphate ions are involved in apatite precipitation after the generated CPC reacts with native bones; the bio-mechanisms and subsequent regeneration of osteoclasts may support osteoregeneration before PLA degradation [33]. The fabricated CPC prevents acidic degradation of PLA and serves as a PLA component to contribute to the ductility of PLA/CPC composites.…”