Comparing the human milk antibody response after vaccination with four COVID-19 vaccines: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study in the Netherlands

Juncker, Hannah G.; Mulleners, Sien J.; Ruhé, Eliza J. M.; Coenen, Esmée R. M.; Bakker, Sjors; Doesburg, Maritt van; Harinck, Jolinda E.; Rood, Romee D.; Bouhuijs, Joey H.; Oomen, Melissa; Groot, Prof. Christianne J.M. de; Pajkrt, Prof. Dasja; Kőrösi, Anikó; Goudoever, Johannes B. van; Gils, Marit J. van; Keulen, Britt J. van

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101393

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Booster doses against COVID-19 are currently being administered because of the decline in efficacy of the primary vaccination series due to the waning of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies 9 . Consistent with findings in serum, a decline in human milk antibodies several months after a primary COVID-19 vaccination was observed 10 . In the current study, after booster vaccination with an mRNA-based vaccine, an increase in SARS-CoV-2specific antibodies in human milk was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Study design. To investigate the longitudinal antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in human milk after COVID-19 booster vaccination, we conducted a prospective cohort follow-up study of previously fully vaccinated individuals who participated in our original vaccination study 10 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Population and setting. The current study is a follow-up of our previous vaccination study 10 . All lactating individuals in the Netherlands receiving a vaccination against COVID-19 were eligible to participate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

et al. 2023

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Human milk contains SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination. These milk antibodies decrease several months post-vaccination. Whether booster immunization restores human milk antibody levels, potentially offering prolonged passive immunity for the infant, remains unknown. In this prospective follow-up study, we investigated the longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of 26 lactating women who received a COVID-19 booster dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. Moreover, we evaluated whether the booster-induced human milk antibody response differs for participants who received a similar or different vaccine type in their primary vaccination series. All participants (100%) who received a homologous booster vaccination showed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in their milk. Heterologous booster vaccination resulted in milk conversion for 9 (69%) and 13 (100%) participants for IgA and IgG respectively. Findings of this study indicate that both homologous and heterologous boosting schedules have the potential to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG in human milk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

et al. 2023

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“…We observed that the IgG levels increase after the second dose of the Sputnik V and ChAdOx1‐S, with 100% of the participants showing IgG positivity in milk and serum. Similar observations were previously reported for both, mRNA and adenoviral based vaccines ( 27 , 28 ). This rapid increase of IgG after the second dose is consistent with a specific B lymphocyte memory that will prime a faster response with higher antibodies levels ( 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This rapid increase of IgG after the second dose is consistent with a specific B lymphocyte memory that will prime a faster response with higher antibodies levels ( 33 ). In contrast, we observed that the IgA levels remained constant between the two doses, as it was reported in previous studies with adenoviral-based vaccines (Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1‐S) ( 27 , 28 , 35 ). Heterogeneous dynamics in IgG and IgA antibody levels can be associated to their diverse functions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgG and IgA response in maternal blood and breastmilk of vaccinated naïve and convalescent lactating participants

et al. 2022

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BackgroundRecent studies have shown the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in the milk of breastfeeding mothers vaccinated with mRNA and convalescent. However, limited information is available in lactating women receiving other vaccine platforms used in developing countries, such as the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and the non-replicating adenovirus vaccines Sputnik V (Gamaleya Institute) and ChAdOx1-S (Oxford AstraZeneca).MethodsHere, we evaluated anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA levels in both serum and milk samples using a longitudinal and a cross-sectional cohort of 208 breastfeeding vaccinated women from Argentina with or without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsThe analysis showed that IgA levels remain constant in serum and milk of breastfeeding mothers between the first and second doses of vector-based vaccines (Sputnik V and ChAdOx1-S). After the second dose, anti-spike IgA was found positive in 100% of the serum samples and in 66% of breastmilk samples. In addition, no significant differences in milk IgA levels were observed in participants receiving BBIBP-CorV, Sputnik V or ChAdOx1-S. IgG levels in milk increased after the second dose of vector-based vaccines. Paired longitudinal samples taken at 45 and 120 days after the second dose showed a decrease in milk IgG levels over time. Study of IgA levels in serum and milk of vaccinated naïve of infection and vaccinated-convalescent breastfeeding participants showed significantly higher levels in vaccinated-convalescent than in participants without previous infection.ConclusionThis study is relevant to understand the protection against SARS-CoV-2 by passive immunity in newborns and children who are not yet eligible to receive vaccination.

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SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their neutralizing capacity against live virus in human milk after COVID-19 infection and vaccination: prospective cohort studies

Ismail,

Unger,

Budylowski

et al. 2024

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Comparing the human milk antibody response after vaccination with four COVID-19 vaccines: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study in the Netherlands

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgG and IgA response in maternal blood and breastmilk of vaccinated naïve and convalescent lactating participants

SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their neutralizing capacity against live virus in human milk after COVID-19 infection and vaccination: prospective cohort studies

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