Comparing the efficacy and safety of infrared neural stimulation at 1450nm and 1875nm (Conference Presentation)

Throckmorton, Graham A.; Adams, Wilson R.; Ricks, Zane; Cayce, Jonathan M.; Jansen, E. Duco; Mahadevan‐Jansen, Anita

doi:10.1117/12.2508055

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In line to this, Cargill et al 2008 has also claimed dissimilarities between in-vivo and in-vitro experiments of murine SN [80]. Third, Throckmorton et al, showed that radiant exposures to reach the threshold at 2120 nm were lower to those for diode laser at 1450 nm and 1470 nm, due to an initial microsecond high-power spike at the beginning of the excitation pulse in the Ho:YAG laser [62]. In this respect, we recommend to perform an analysis with different laser sources at different wavelength, with the same experimentation type (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…To the best of our knowledge, two studies analysed the relationship between the spot size diameter and the radiant exposure threshold (or the energy threshold). The first work provides experimental data in rat SN, suggesting that for any given wavelength, the spot size does not have an effect on the stimulation threshold [62]. The second work, modelled the nerve activity under INS, indicating that for a fixed energy and fibre-tissue distance, the temperature variation is higher for smaller spot size [104].…”

Section: • Shapiro Et Al Obtained Experimental Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Infrared neurostimulation in ex-vivo rat sciatic nerve using 1470 nm wavelength

Cury¹,

Perre²,

Smets³

et al. 2021

J. Neural Eng.

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Objective. To design and implement a setup for ex-vivo optical stimulation for exploring the effect of several key parameters (optical power and pulse duration), activation features (threshold, spatial selectivity) and recovery characteristics (repeated stimuli) in peripheral nerves. Approach. A nerve chamber allowing ex-vivo electrical and optical stimulation was designed and built. A 1470 nm light source was chosen to stimulate the nerve. A photodiode module was implemented for synchronization of the electrical and optical channels. Main results. Compound neural action potentials (CNAPs) were successfully generated with infrared light pulses of 200–2000 µs duration and power in the range of 3–10 W. These parameters determine a radiant exposure for stimulation in the range 1.59–4.78 J cm−2. Recruitment curves were obtained by increasing durations at a constant power level. Neural activation threshold is reached at a mean radiant exposure of 3.16 ± 0.68 J cm−2 and mean pulse energy of 3.79 ± 0.72 mJ. Repetition rates of 2–10 Hz have been explored. In eight out of ten sciatic nerves (SNs), repeated light stimuli induced a sensitization effect in that the CNAP amplitude progressively grows, representing an increasing number of recruited fibres. In two out of ten SNs, CNAPs were composed of a succession of peaks corresponding to different conduction velocities. Significance. The reported sensitization effect could shed light on the mechanism underlying infrared neurostimulation. Our results suggest that, in sharp contrast with electrical stimuli, optical pulses could recruit slow fibres early on. This more physiological order of recruitment opens the perspective for specific neuromodulation of fibre population who remained poorly accessible until now. Short high-power light pulses at wavelengths below 1.5 µm offer interesting perspectives for neurostimulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: • Shapiro Et Al Obtained Experimental Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%