Comparing the ‘Big 4’ - A User's View on GNSS Performance

Montenbruck, Oliver; Steigenberger, Peter; Hauschild, André

doi:10.1109/plans46316.2020.9110208

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The 95th percentile statistic, which defines the Galileo OS ranging accuracy KPI, demonstrates that the performance is well within the 7 m minimum performance level defined for Galileo satellites [25]. Galileo L10 satellites have consistently and robustly reached 0.20 m SiS accuracy, performance level comparable with previously launched satellites [48].…”

Section: How Was the Signal-in-space Performance In Terms Of Availabimentioning

confidence: 73%

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Galileo L10 Satellites: Orbit, Clock and Signal-in-Space Performance Analysis

Andrei

Lahtinen

Poutanen

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The tenth launch (L10) of the European Global Navigation Satellite System Galileo filled in all orbital slots in the constellation. The launch carried four Galileo satellites and took place in July 2018. The satellites were declared operational in February 2019. In this study, we report on the performance of the Galileo L10 satellites in terms of orbital inclination and repeat period parameters, broadcast satellite clocks and signal in space (SiS) performance indicators. We used all available broadcast navigation data from the IGS consolidated navigation files. These satellites have not been reported in the previous studies. First, the orbital inclination (56.7±0.15°) and repeat period (50680.7±0.22 s) for all four satellites are within the nominal values. The data analysis reveals also 13.5-, 27-, 177- and 354-days periodic signals. Second, the broadcast satellite clocks show different correction magnitude due to different trends in the bias component. One clock switch and several other minor correction jumps have occurred since the satellites were declared operational. Short-term discontinuities are within ±1 ps/s, whereas clock accuracy values are constantly below 0.20 m (root-mean-square—rms). Finally, the SiS performance has been very high in terms of availability and accuracy. Monthly SiS availability has been constantly above the target value of 87% and much higher in 2020 as compared to 2019. Monthly SiS accuracy has been below 0.20 m (95th percentile) and below 0.40 m (99th percentile). The performance figures depend on the content and quality of the consolidated navigation files as well as the precise reference products. Nevertheless, these levels of accuracy are well below the 7 m threshold (95th percentile) specified in the Galileo service definition document.

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Section: How Was the Signal-in-space Performance In Terms Of Availabimentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Presently, Galileo outperforms other GNSSs. According to Montenbruck et al [ 48 ] the SiS performance is explained by the use of highly stable on-board clocks (Passive Hydrogen Massers) that facilitate clock offset prediction as well as uplink capabilities that refresh the navigation messages at intervals of 10–100 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galileo L10 Satellites: Orbit, Clock and Signal-in-Space Performance Analysis

Andrei

Lahtinen

Poutanen

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…Compared with the GPS SPP solutions, the precision of the GC combined SPP solutions is improved by more than 6% in 3D RMS. For a single GNSS system, the PDOP values usually amount to 2-3 under open sky [51]. A larger PDOP value means a weaker observation geometry, thereby degrading the precision of the orbits.…”

Section: Gps and Bds2 Fused Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Orbit Determination and Maneuver Assessment for TH-2 Satellites Using Spaceborne GPS and BDS2 Observations

Zhang

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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The TH-2 satellite system, including the TH-2A and TH-2B, is the first distributed interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) satellite system in China. During the in-orbit operation, the TH-2A satellite should perform three maneuvers per day to keep the formation flying geometry. We estimate those maneuvers in the precise orbit determination (POD) by the GPS and BDS2 measurements on board, respectively. The residuals of the POD show that the effects caused by orbital maneuvers can be well eliminated for both the GPS and BDS2 data. The precision of the BDS2-based POD is better than 8.0 cm in the three-dimensional direction (3D) compared with the orbit derived from the GPS observations. Such a precision level of the satellite orbit satisfies the InSAR mission requirement of the TH-2. In addition, the relative error of velocity changes is employed to evaluate the maneuver estimations by the POD using the regional navigation system of BDS2. The results show that the relative error of velocity changes between the GPS- and BDS2-based POD is less than 7.0%, which indicates that the maneuver performance extracted from the regional BDS2 data is as good as that extracted from the global GPS data. In the GNSS fused processing, we found that the independent receiver clock offsets should be taken into account, since the time tag corrections for the GPS and BDS2 observations collected on the TH-2 spaceborne receivers were different. The precision of the GPS and BDS2 (GC) combined single point positioning (SPP) can be improved by 12–14% compared with the GPS-only solution when the position dilution of precision (PDOP) of GPS exceeds three. The overlap comparisons of the GC combined orbits show that the internal orbit precision of the TH-2 satellites is better than 0.7 cm. However, the improvement of the GC combined POD result is only 3–4% with respect to the GPS-only solution, which is limited to the precision of the precise orbit and clock products of BDS2 at the present stage.

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“…In 2020, Yang et al and Chen et al respectively examined the SISRE of 18 MEO satellites of the basic BDS-3 constellation, validating the satisfactory performance of BDS-3 and proposing technological assumptions for future developments of the system [14][15] . In the same year, Montenbruck et al studied the difference in SISRE for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BDS-3 (only considering BDS-3 MEO satellites) [16] , and Jiao et al ( 2020). compared BDS-3 and BDS-2 broadcast ephemeris [17] .…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The multi-system precise orbit and clock offset are taken as the standard and the broadcast ephemeris is used to derive the satellite orbit and the clock offset of the corresponding epoch, analyzing their difference to gain the SISRE. During the analysis, some issues should be processed, such as the antenna phase offset correction, the time group delay, et al [12][14] [16] . Some major navigation systems such as BDS, GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, and QZSS are simultaneously considered for enhanced comparison effects.…”

Section: Sisrementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on Signal-in-Space Range Error and Positioning Accuracy of BDS-3

Liu

Jiao

Jinming

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Being the first mixed-constellation global navigation system, the global BeiDou navigation system (BDS-3) designs new signals, the service performance of which has attracted extensive attention. In the present study, the Signal-in-space range error (SISRE) computation method for different types of navigation satellites was presented. And the differential code bias (DCB) correction method for BDS-3 new signals was deduced. Based on these, analysis and evaluation were done by adopting the actual measured data after the official launching of BDS-3. The results showed that BDS-3 performed better than the regional navigation satellite system (BDS-2) in terms of SISRE. Specifically, the SISRE of the BDS-3 medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites reached 0.52 m, slightly inferior compared to 0.4 m from Galileo, marginally better than 0.57 m from GPS, and significantly better than 2.33 m from GLONASS. And the BDS-3 inclined geostationary orbit (IGSO) satellites achieved the SISRE of 0.90 m, on par with that of the QZSS IGSO satellites. However, the average SISRE of BDS-3 geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites was 1.15 m, which was marginally inferior to that of the QZSS GEO satellite (0.91m). In terms of positioning accuracy, the overall three-dimensional single-frequency standard point positioning (SPP) accuracy of BDS-3 B1C, B2a, B1I, and B3I gained an accuracy level better than 5 m. Moreover, the B1I signal exhibited the best positioning accuracy in the Asian-Pacific region, while the B1C signal set forth the best positioning accuracy in the other regions. Owing to the advantage in signal frequency, the dual-frequency SPP accuracy of B1C+B2a surpassed that of the transitional signal of B1I+B3I. Since there are more visible satellites in Asia-Pacific, the positioning accuracy of BDS-3 was moderately superior to that of GPS. The precise point positioning (PPP) accuracy of BDS-3 B1C+B2a or B1I+B3I converged to the order of centimeters, marginally inferior to that of the GPS L1+L2. However, these three combinations had a similar convergence time of approximately 30 minutes.

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Comparing the ‘Big 4’ - A User's View on GNSS Performance

Cited by 36 publications

References 47 publications

Galileo L10 Satellites: Orbit, Clock and Signal-in-Space Performance Analysis

Galileo L10 Satellites: Orbit, Clock and Signal-in-Space Performance Analysis

Precise Orbit Determination and Maneuver Assessment for TH-2 Satellites Using Spaceborne GPS and BDS2 Observations

Analysis on Signal-in-Space Range Error and Positioning Accuracy of BDS-3

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