Comparing psychache, depression, and hopelessness in their associations with suicidality: A test of Shneidman’s theory of suicide

Troister, Talia; Holden, Ronald R.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.06.006

Cited by 124 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This phenomenon is consistent with the assumption that mental pain is associated with a state of internal perturbation (Shneidman, 1999). Previous research demonstrated that mental pain is a unique contributor to the prediction of attempter status and the number of lifetime attempts when depression and hopelessness are also included (Troister and Holden, 2010). This is in accordance with our finding that the Plan "stop mental pain" is located on the highest level of the Plan structure and cannot be further described by any other superior goal or basic need.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Are Suicide Attempters Wired Differently?

Brüdern¹,

Berger²,

Michel³

et al. 2015

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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Limited research exists on internal risk processes in suicide attempters and factors that distinguish them from nonsuicidal depressive individuals. In this qualitative study, we investigated Plans, motives, and underlying self-regulatory processes of the two groups and conducted a comparative analysis. We analyzed narrative interviews of 17 suicide attempters and intake interviews of 17 nonsuicidal depressive patients using Plan Analysis. Then, we developed a prototypical Plan structure for both groups. Suicidal behavior serves various Plans found only in suicide attempters. Plans of this group are especially related to social perfectionism and withdrawal to protect their self-esteem. Depressive patients use several interpersonal control and coping strategies, which might help prevent suicidal behavior. The prototypical Plan structure of suicide attempters may be a valuable tool for clinicians to detect critical Plans and motives in their interaction with patients, which are related to suicide risk. (World Health Organization, 2008). Suicide is among the ten leading causes of death, and it is estimated that in 2020, suicide will represent 2.4% of the global burden of disease (World Health Organization, 2008). In the past two decades, a considerable number of models trying to understand suicidal behavior have been developed. The main focus has been identifying risk factors of suicidal behavior and associated high-risk groups. For example, mood disorders are a frequently discussed risk factor for suicidal behavior. Bertolote and Fleischmann (2002) found that in the general population, 35.8% of individuals who committed suicide had a mood disorder. The highest risk of committing suicide is during a major depressive episode; 3.2% of individuals who experience a major depression die of suicide (Blair-West et al., 1999). After a closer examination, it seems that depression predicts suicidal ideation, but not suicide plans or attempts (Nock et al., 2010). Powell et al. (2000) found in a study with psychiatric inpatients that on the basis of identified risk factors (e.g., chronic mental illness, family history of suicide), only two of the patients who committed suicide had a predicted risk of suicide above 5%. These findings imply that suicidal behavior is more than a psychiatric diagnosis, such as depression, and should be approached as an independent behavior that must be examined separately (Linehan, 2008). Hence, the understanding of proximal processes that lead to suicidal behavior is crucial and can be clinically useful. Until now, research surrounding the internal risk processes of suicidal behavior has been limited. Furthermore, we know little about the mechanisms that may distinguish suicide attempters from depressive individuals who do not attempt suicide. Therefore, the present qualitative study focuses on typical Plans (as explained below), motives, and the underlying selfregulatory processes of suicide attempters compared with nonsuicidal depressive individuals. Self-Regulatory Processes and Sui...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Are Suicide Attempters Wired Differently?

Brüdern¹,

Berger²,

Michel³

et al. 2015

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Modes are defined as interconnected networks or cognitive, affective motivational, physiological, and behavioral schemata that are activated simultaneously by relevant environmental events and result in goal-directed behavior. Mental pain (or "psychache'') appears to be emotional and motivational characteristics of meticulous significance in suicidal behavior [14,[52][53][54].…”

Section: 1) Stress Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on theoretical models of suicide

Karthick¹,

Barwa²

2017

Int J of Adv in Sci Res

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Suicide is a major public health issue which is highly complex and multifaceted. Subsequently, after the pioneering work of Durkheim and Freud, researchers and scholars have attempted to explain the biological, social, and psychological nature of suicide. The present work presents an overview of different theoretical models underlying the development of suicidal behaviour. Hence the theory components will be a better understanding of the causal mechanisms of suicide and it will lead to improving the intervention strategies for suicidal behaviours.

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“…Future research should also distinguish between sexual behaviors by comparing penetrative and non-penetrative sex among adolescents (Sandberg-Thoma & Kamp Dush, 2014;Vrangalova, 2015a). Understanding of why and how suicidal ideation is a predictor of CSREs for girls, whereas psychological distress is not, could be promoted by examining other factors related to suicidal ideation, such as psychache, which is defined as psychological pain, and hopelessness, both of which are more important than depression in the explanation of suicidal ideation (Troister & Holden, 2010) as well as social isolation (Bearman & Moody, 2004). Future research could also investigate the influence of a history of sexual abuse in the association between suicidal ideation and engagement in CSREs, as such a history has been linked to greater likelihood of suicidal ideation (Bearman & Moody, 2004) and engagement in CSREs (Testa, Hoffman, & Livingston, 2010).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Well-Being as a Predictor of Casual Sex Relationships and Experiences among Adolescents: A Short-Term Prospective Study

et al. 2017

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Psychological characteristics may predispose youths to engage in casual sex relationships and experiences (CSREs). Using a prospective longitudinal design and in a subsample of 2,601 high school students in the province of Québec, we explored possible shifts in engaging in one-night stands (ONSs) and friends with benefits (FWB) relationships over a six-month period among sexually active adolescents. We also examined the relationships among well-being predictors (psychological distress, self-esteem, suicidal ideation, and alcohol and drug consumption) and these shifts while exploring possible gender differences. Multinomial regressions in Mplus were used to explore whether initial psychological well-being was related to entrance type, the transition from having no CSREs to having one, or discontinuation or continuation type. Frequent alcohol consumption (i.e., once or twice a week or more) for boys and frequent consumption of both alcohol and drugs for girls were associated with continuation of CSREs. Suicidal ideation was associated with entrance into FWB relationships as well as continuation of FWB relationships and ONSs for girls. Psychological distress was a predictor of discontinuation of ONSs for boys. These results suggested that interventions should consider the specific and common needs of both genders in regard to ONSs and FWB relationships.

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Comparing psychache, depression, and hopelessness in their associations with suicidality: A test of Shneidman’s theory of suicide

Cited by 124 publications

References 34 publications

Are Suicide Attempters Wired Differently?

Are Suicide Attempters Wired Differently?

A review on theoretical models of suicide

Psychological Well-Being as a Predictor of Casual Sex Relationships and Experiences among Adolescents: A Short-Term Prospective Study

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