“…A number of empirical studies have investigated Plan structures and their clinical application in mental disorders such as borderline personality disorder, depression, and bipolar disorder (Berthoud, Kramer, de Roten, Despland, & Caspar, 2013;Brüdern et al, 2015;Kramer, Berger, & Caspar, 2009;Kramer et al, 2011Kramer et al, , 2014. For instance, in a study with 85 patients with borderline personality disorder, Kramer et al (2014) reported an additional reduction of general problems (e.g., social problems) and an increase in the therapeutic alliance in a condition with a manualbased short variant of the general psychiatric management treatment amended with motive-oriented therapy relationship building based on Plan analysis, compared with general psychiatric management alone.…”