1998
DOI: 10.1006/jevp.1998.0097
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Comparing Methods for Introducing Blind and Visually Impaired People to Unfamiliar Urban Environments

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Cited by 137 publications
(90 citation statements)
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“…For example, Jacobson (1992) found that tactile maps provide visually impaired adults with a mental representation of the area that is represented. Espinosa et al (1998) corroborated these results by demonstrating that visually 1 http://www.brailleauthority.org/tg/web-manual/index.html impaired participants who learned a route from a tactile map performed as well as visually impaired participants who learned the same route from direct experience, i.e. by walking it.…”
mentioning
confidence: 58%
“…For example, Jacobson (1992) found that tactile maps provide visually impaired adults with a mental representation of the area that is represented. Espinosa et al (1998) corroborated these results by demonstrating that visually 1 http://www.brailleauthority.org/tg/web-manual/index.html impaired participants who learned a route from a tactile map performed as well as visually impaired participants who learned the same route from direct experience, i.e. by walking it.…”
mentioning
confidence: 58%
“…Therefore, familiarization with an environment is a key factor in enhancing the safety and independence of people who are B/VI during wayfinding. This familiarization usually happens with the guidance of an Orientation and Mobility (O&M) specialist, but using technologies such as tactile maps [3] or the help of sighted friends can also play a role in increasing the opportunities for independent travel for individuals who are B/VI. While it is not a…”
Section: Wayfinding and Navigation Technology For Blind And Visually mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…No significant difference in spatial knowledge was found between the two groups. The researchers concluded that the combination of direct experience and tactile maps should be employed by the orientation and mobility instructors; however, even when direct experience is impossible, an isolated use of tactile map can represent adequate means of familiarizing the blind with the environment (Espinosa et al, 1998).…”
Section: Spatial Representation Of the Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%