Comparing Fourteen Weeks of Multicomponent Training Versus Combined Training in Physically Inactive Older Women: A Randomized Trial

Abstract

Background: Combined (CT) and multicomponent training (MT) presents several benefits for aging individuals. However, the literature does not provide evidence on which of the two physical training models can better enhance improvements in physical capacity and health parameters in middle-aged and older women. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of MT and CT on physical capacity, cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial assessment, and biochemical profile of physically inactive women aged between 50 and 70 years. Methods: Participants were randomized into two groups: MT (32 women, 64.2 ± 6.4 years) and CT (39 women, 61.4 ± 4.3 years). Both training sessions had a weekly volume of 180 min, for 14 weeks, with assessments at baseline and after the training period. Results: CT showed better results when compared to MT. In the four evaluation blocks, we noticed differences in the effect size (L = large, M = moderate, S = small, and T = trivial) between the groups in 26 variables in total, highlighting the CT group (L = 11, M = 5, S = 2, and T = 8) compared to the MT group (L = 8, M = 7, S = 7, and T = 4). Our findings showed group-time differences for strength variables using the maximum dynamic repetition test in upper and lower limbs and for agility. The multicomponent training showed improvement in the functional strength of the upper limbs evaluated through the elbow flexion and extension test (p = 0.037), and HDL (p = 0.022). Conclusions: Fourteen weeks of CT showed better benefits when compared to MT.

Older postmenopausal women with lower lean mass have hypermethylated sites in the PI3K-Akt pathway

“…Women postmenopausal aged 50-70 years enrolled in the Physical Education Program for the Elderly (PEFI) of the School of Physical Education and Sport at USP de Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP) were invited to participate in our study. It is noteworthy that the study participants were considered physically inactive through the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly, with a score ≤9.11, 6 months before the beginning of the study (Rodrigues et al, 2023). A total of 40 women were eligible to participate in the study.…”

“…Methylation analyses were performed using RStudio software and calculated using the Bioconductor chAMP data package. The DMP function based on the limma algorithm (da Silva Rodrigues et al, 2023) was used to find the differentially methylated sites between the two groups, classified as hypermethylated and hypomethylated, which presented values of p ≤ 0.005 and β > 5% for hypermethylated sites and p ≤ 0.005 and β < −5% for hypomethylated sites. We also adopted the DMR function from the same package, which presents the differentially methylated regions, to analyze whether, in addition to DMPs, the difference in lean mass was also reflected in the DMRs.…”

“…This method is based on comparing a list of genes (LG), ordered according to their correlation with the phenotype, and the genes described in a specific metabolic pathway (MP) (Noronha et al, 2022). To this end, calculations of the enrichment index, significance levels, and corrected significance levels for multiple tests are performed (da Silva Rodrigues et al, 2023;Noronha et al, 2022). The GSEA evaluates each gene independently, ignoring the relationships between them.…”

Effect of a nutritional intervention associated with different models of physical training on health parameters of adult and elderly women: A Randomized Trial

“…Multicomponent training, which involves the practice of different physical skills in a single session, has been pointed out as effective for the development of physical abilities in a group and for promoting social interaction 3 . Due to the common loss of strength and sarcopenia in the aging process, combined training has been indicated for older ages, emphasizing cardiorespiratory capacity and muscular strength 4 .…”

A Saúde da Mulher é pouco abordada nos cursos de educação física?

“…A prática de atividade física beneficia as mulheres em diversas fases da vida, como na síndrome pré-menstrual, conhecida como TPM (Ibidem), na gravidez (Ibidem), no pós-parto (SYED, SLAYMAN et al 2021), na menopausa (POLAT E AYLAZ, 2022) e na velhice (RODRIGUES, RODRIGUES et al, 2023). Consideramos, com isso, que os profissionais de educação física devem ter, durante o processo inicial de formação (graduação), os conhecimentos técnico-científicos que permitirão a prescrição de exercícios para mulheres nas Brazilian Journal of Health Review, Curitiba, v. 6, n. 2, p.7122-7135, mar./apr., 2023 diferentes fases da vida, sobretudo considerando sua representatividade na população brasileira 51,1% (Cidades e do Brasil, 2019).…”