Comparing Evans' index and computerized axial tomography in assessing relationship of ventricular size to brain size

Synek, V; Reuben, J. R.; Boulay, G. H. du

doi:10.1212/wnl.26.3.231

Cited by 143 publications

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“…The FP/Cr index just has reference in the literature, with the denomination of index of Evans 8,11,[28][29][30] , presenting similar values to the found in the studied individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Fourth ventricle computed tomography indexes: standardisation and characteristics in neurocysticercosis

Agapejev

2002

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Objectives: to propose standardisation of fourth ventricle dimensions and to study its characteristics in neurocysticercosis. Method: a control group (CG) constituted by 114 individuals with normal CT, and 80 patients with neurocysticercosis composed the group with neurocysticercosis (GN). Measures of the inner cranial diameter (Cr), fronto-polar distance between both lateral ventricles (FP), antero-posterior (AP) and latero-lateral (LL) fourth ventricle width based the standardisation of six indexes. Results: AP/Cr, AP/LL and AP/ FP were the more discriminative indexes, presenting in CG the mean values of 0.063, 0.267 and 0.582, respectively. The indexes in GN had values statistically higher than in CG. From GN, 51patients had increased indexes values above 2 standard deviation of the CG mean. AP/Ll was > 1 in 95% of patients with ventricular shunting and in 88% with depression. It also occurred in 73% patients with satisfactory follow-up and in everybody who died. Conclusion: AP/Cr, AP/LL and AP/FP may represent fourth ventricle dimensions.KEY WORDS: fourth ventricle, indexes, computed tomography, standardisation, neurocysticercosis. Índices do IV ventrículo em tomografia computadorizada de crânio: padronização e características na neurocisticercoseRESUMO -Objetivos: propor padrão de normalidade das dimensões do IV ventrículo e estudar suas características em neurocisticercose. Método: em um grupo controle (GC) constituído de 114 indivíduos com tomografias normais e em outro grupo composto de 80 doentes com neurocisticercose (GN), mediram-se a distância fronto-polar de ventrículos laterais (FP) e os diâmetros craniano interno (Cr), ântero-posterior (AP) e látero-lateral (LL) do IV o ventrículo para a padronização de seis índices. Resultados: AP/Cr, AP/LL e AP/FP foram os índices mais discriminatórios e apresentaram, em GC, valores médios de 0,063, 0,267 e 0,582, respectivamente. Em GN os valores foram estatisticamente superiores a GC. Selecionaram-se 51 doentes do GN com índices > 2 desvios-padrão da média em GC. Neles, AP/Ll foi > 1 em 95% doentes com derivação liquórica e em 88% com depressão, ocorrendo em 73% com evolução satisfatória e todos que faleceram. Conclusão: AP/Cr, AP/LL e, principalmente, AP/FP são representativos das dimensões do IV ventrículo.

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“…The FP/Cr index just has reference in the literature, with the denomination of index of Evans 8,11,[28][29][30] , presenting similar values to the found in the studied individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Fourth ventricle computed tomography indexes: standardisation and characteristics in neurocysticercosis

Agapejev

2002

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…24 Evan's index was used to determine the severity of hydrocephalus. 25 A cardiological evaluation was carried out on all patients, including Holter and two-dimensional echocardiography. Of the 420 patients with stroke, cerebral angiography was performed on those patients with no or only ill-defined risk factors, in those with subarachnoid hemorrhage, and in young patients <45 years of age.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.

Alarcón

Hidalgo

Moncayo

et al. 1992

Stroke

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Background and Purpose:In 1985 we initiated a protocol for examining the relationship between cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.Methods: In 420 stroke patients admitted to our department, our standard protocol of tests included blood tests, cardiac investigations, angiography, and immunologic cerebrospinal fluid measures. We assessed the following possible risk factors: arterial hypertension, diabetes, cardiopathy, high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, smoking, alcohol abuse, and cerebral cysticercosis.Results: Of the 420 patients with stroke, we found cerebral cysticercosis in 31, five of whom were >65 years of age and 26 of whom were <65 years. We determined that cerebral cysticercosis was the only possible risk factor for stroke in one of the five older patients and 15 of the 26 younger and middle-aged patients. Cortical infarctions were found in five of the 31 patients, with cerebral cysticercosis and lacunar infarctions in nine of these patients. One patient had intracystic hemorrhage. In 16 cases, neurological deficit was related to single or multiple cysts, colloids, granulomas, diffuse lesions, or pericystic edema. All patients with cerebral cysticercosis quickly recovered from their neurological deficit, except one who had a hemorrhagic cyst and died and another who remained disabled.Conclusions: We established that, in patients with neurocysticercosis, occlusion of the small cortical or penetrating vessels at the base of the brain caused by arteriopathy was the most common mechanism of the stroke. Moreover, there is a probable association between cerebral cysticercosis and the susceptibility to stroke, particularly among young and middle-aged patients. (Stroke 1992;23:224-228)

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“…Brain atrophy is defi ned as enlarged lateral ventricles with prominent cerebral sulci 7,8 . In our study, the size of the lateral ventricles was measured using the the bicaudate cerebroventricular index (BCVI) on the CT scan taken in the plane parallel to orbitomeatal line as demonstrated by Tomita et al 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral cortical atrophy after severe brain trauma and extradural homatoma

Louzada

Vaitsman

Souza

et al. 2007

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-We report the case of a severe head injured 43-year old male patient with a large extradural hematoma, Glasgow Coma Scale 3 and dilated fixed pupils. Patient was promptly submitted to surgical evacuation of the lesion, but remained in persistent vegetative state in the post-operative time. Head computed tomography scans performed before surgery, and at early and late post-operative periods comparatively revealed extreme bilateral cortical atrophy. Late consequences of severe head trauma drastically affect the prognosis of patients, being its prevention, and neuroprotection against secondary injury still a therapeutical challenge for neurosurgeons.KEY WORDS: brain atrophy, extradural hematoma, epidural hematoma, severe head injury, secondary injury. Atrofia cortical bilateral após traumatismo cranioencefálico grave e hematoma extraduralRESUMO -Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 43 anos, com traumatismo cranioencefálico grave, com grande hematoma extradural, Escala de Coma de Glasgow 3 e pupilas fixas e dilatadas. O paciente foi prontamente submetido à evacuação cirúrgica da lesão mas permaneceu em estado vegetativo persistente no período pós-operatório. As TC de crânio realizadas antes da cirurgia e nos períodos pós-operatórios precoce e tardio revelaram comparativamente extrema atrofia cerebral bilateral. As conseqüências tardias do traumatismo craniano grave afetam drasticamente o prognóstico dos pacientes, sendo sua prevenção, e a neuroproteção contra a injúria secundária ainda um desafio terapêutico para os neurocirurgiões. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: atrofia cerebral, hematoma extradural, hematoma epidural, traumatismo craniano grave, injúria secundária.

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Comparing Evans' index and computerized axial tomography in assessing relationship of ventricular size to brain size

Cited by 143 publications

References 0 publications

Fourth ventricle computed tomography indexes: standardisation and characteristics in neurocysticercosis

Fourth ventricle computed tomography indexes: standardisation and characteristics in neurocysticercosis

Cerebral cysticercosis and stroke.

Bilateral cortical atrophy after severe brain trauma and extradural homatoma

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