Comparing environmental impacts of direct compaction versus wet granulation tableting methods for drugs with poor flowability by life cycle assessment

Hadinoto, Kunn; Tran, The-Thien; Chua, Angeline; Cheow, Wean Sin

doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2022.05.029

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Also, their data like electricity consumption, mass required, environmental emissions, and waste generation are quantified are collected, and their impact on human health, marine/freshwater/terrestrial ecosystems, and resource availability is determined. 14,15 The environmental impact of the two technologies and their comparative impact on the environment might be possible by using an LCA tool. LCA can quantify the environmental implications of printed pharmaceutical products and their production procedures by considering numerous environmental factors such as (a) human health, (b) ecological systems, and (c) resources that are not renewable.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar way, Hadinoto et al compared the environmental impact of two CM methods of tableting that were DC and weight granulation by LCA. 15 Research studies have reported that the DC method has less impact on the environment as compared to weight granulation tableting. In terms of LCA of a 3D printed tablet dosage form, Reddy et al analyzed the impact of fused deposition modeling mediated 3D printed tablet and CM method for tableting on the environment based on the data available in the literature.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In LCA, the synthesis of various chemicals is involved in the manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) or natural resources extracted for the manufacturing of APIs and excipients. Also, their data like electricity consumption, mass required, environmental emissions, and waste generation are quantified are collected, and their impact on human health, marine/freshwater/terrestrial ecosystems, and resource availability is determined. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be achieved by employing multiple tools, such as OpenLCA, GaBi, and Simapro. In a similar way, Hadinoto et al compared the environmental impact of two CM methods of tableting that were DC and weight granulation by LCA . Research studies have reported that the DC method has less impact on the environment as compared to weight granulation tableting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Life Cycle Assessment and Pharmaceutical Validations of Directly Compressed versus Additively Manufactured Tablets

Gharate,

Karanwad,

Deka

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Selective laser sintering (SLS)-mediated additive manufacturing (AM) technology is increasingly being used for manufacturing pharmaceutical solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) due to its advantages over other AM and conventional manufacturing (CM) methods. Direct compression (DC) has a competitive edge in CM due to ease of manufacturing, while both DC and SLS-mediated AM processes share similarities in manufacturing steps and usage of fewer excipients. There is a need for a comparative evaluation of the pharmaceutical performance of the prepared DC and SLS-mediated SODFs and the environmental impacts of both DC and SLS-mediated AM processes, which has yet to be addressed. The cradle-to-gate approach was used for the life cycle assessment (LCA) of manufactured tablets, using both processes. Laboratory-scale data was generated using wet laboratory-scale experiments, literature, and LCA software with data extrapolation using the unitary method. In addition to that, the pharmaceutical performance of manufactured tablets using both processes was thoroughly assessed. The study found that DC has less environmental impact than SLS-mediated AM, with electricity consumption and waste generation being critical factors. The results may vary if SLS electricity and material utilization are reduced, resulting in less energy consumption and material requirements. In addition to that, in terms of physicochemical characterizations, both DC and SLS-mediated sintered tablets showed indistinguishable results. Furthermore, the drug contents of DC and SLS-mediated sintered tablets were determined to be 90.06 ± 5.96 and 94.29 ± 6.29%, with approximately 87 and 100% drug release after 12 h, respectively. The study concluded that, despite their environmental impact, SLS-mediated sintered tablets demonstrated pharmaceutical performance identical to that of DC tablets.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%