Comparing biocompatibility of gingival fibroblasts and bacterial strains on a different modified titanium discs

Abstract

The modification of implant surface situated in the area of peri-implant sulcus has important role in bacterial and cell adhesion. Six different chemically and physically modified titanium discs were prepared: glazed (Tis-MALP), unglazed (Tis-O), unglazed and alkali-etched (Tis-OA), unglazed and coated with ZrN (Tis-OZ), unglazed, sand blasted, and acid etched (Tis-OPAE), and unglazed, sand blasted, acid, and alkali etched (Tis-OPAAE). Analysis of surface topography was determined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Biocompatibility of gingival fibroblasts was characterized by the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) after 24 and 72 h and expression of α3 β1 integrin and vinculin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or modified ELISA after 6 and 24 h. Microorganism adhesion (five bacterial strains) and biofilm formation was also evaluated. The adhesion of bacteria and gingival fibroblasts was significantly higher on titanium disc Tis-OPAAE and biofilm formation on the same surface for Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus intermedius. The gingival fibroblasts on Tis-OPAAE disc had also significantly lower production of MMP-2. The collagen production was significantly lower on all surfaces with roughness higher than 0.2 μm. This study confirmed that the titanium disc with the surface roughness 3.39 μm (Tis-OPAAE) supported the adhesion of bacterial strains as well as gingival fibroblasts.

TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti Dental Implant. Part 1: Formation and Aging in Hank’s Solution

“…However, the insufficient new bone formation is observed due to necrosis of hard and soft tissues that result in the implant loosening and subsequent failure [11,12]. The titanium implant surface shape and chemical composition have also been studied to enhance osseointegration, decrease necrosis and prevent inflammation [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Titania nanotubes, formed by anodic oxidation, are a candidate method for the modification of the surface of titanium implants to enhance bone formation function.…”

Effects of titania nanotubes with or without bovine serum albumin loaded on human gingival fibroblasts

“…Numerous studies [2][3][4][5] have demonstrated that osseointegration is facilitated by surface modifications. Over time, the surface designs of the endosseous and transmucosal areas have dynamically changed to enable faster integration after implantation and improve long-term bone maintenance; long-term bone maintenance relies heavily on the surface modification of the transmucosal area because the surface positively affects the three functions of the implants: the attachment of soft tissue, 6,7 the inhibition of bacterial biofilm adhesion, 8,9 and the preservation of the crestal bone.…”

Treatments for enhancing the biocompatibility of titanium implants

“…Promising behaviour of SLA surfaces in vitro has also been verified in vivo, where improved boneimplant contact, improved stability of the implant in the bone in an early phase (6 weeks after surgery), and faster healing time have been observed 75 . SLA treated surfaces using two-component etching (acids and bases) supported the adhesion of fibroblasts as well as bacterial strains 76 . In addition, etching with two types of acids leads to better osseointegration and improved bioactivity of the implant 77 .…”