Comparing a Pictorial Stroop Task to Viewing Time Measures of Sexual Interest

Bourke, Ashling; Gormley, Michael

doi:10.1177/1079063212438922

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Results in a separate study of 35 men, 11 of who were homosexual and 24 were heterosexual, reporting no history of child sexual offenses indicated a discriminatory ability between heterosexual men and homosexual men using female stimuli, but could not discriminate among preferred ages. The authors suggested that other mechanisms are responsible for rating child stimuli, thus decreasing the validity for this test among pedophilic participants (Bourke and Gormley, 2012 ).…”

Section: Pedophilia and Pedophilic Disorder: A Psychological Perspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges

Tenbergen

Wittfoth

Frieling

et al. 2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

112

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A pedophilic disorder is recognized for its impairment to the individual and for the harm it may cause to others. Pedophilia is often considered a side issue and research into the nature of pedophilia is delayed in comparison to research into other psychiatric disorders. However, with the increasing use of neuroimaging techniques, such as functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI, fMRI), together with neuropsychological studies, we are increasing our knowledge of predisposing and accompanying factors contributing to pedophilia development. At the same time, we are faced with methodological challenges, such as group differences between studies, including age, intelligence, and comorbidities, together with a lack of careful assessment and control of child sexual abuse. Having this in mind, this review highlights the most important studies investigating pedophilia, with a strong emphasis on (neuro-) biological studies, combined with a brief explanation of research into normal human sexuality. We focus on some of the recent theories on the etiology of pedophilia such as the concept of a general neurodevelopmental disorder and/or alterations of structure and function in frontal, temporal, and limbic brain areas. With this approach, we aim to not only provide an update and overview but also a framework for future research and to address one of the most significant questions of how pedophilia may be explained by neurobiological and developmental alterations.

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Section: Pedophilia and Pedophilic Disorder: A Psychological Perspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges

Tenbergen

Wittfoth

Frieling

et al. 2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One possible explanation for this pattern of results is that the sexual stimuli produce a grabbing of attention that also ties up processing for some time, hence, there are not enough resources to process the dot stimuli or for decision making (Geer & Bellard, 1996 ; Wright & Adams, 1994 ). The situation may be analogous to an “emotional Stroop” effect whereby the emotional content of the stimulus is processed with greater priority than other aspects of the image (Bourke & Gormley, 2012 ; Ciardha & Gormley, 2012 ; Gress, Anderson, & Laws, 2013 ). It is notable that Wright and Adams ( 1994 ) also found that the detection of a dot within a sexual picture (rather than after a sexual picture) was found to be slower for images containing their preferred sex, and this was found for both men and women that were either heterosexual or homosexual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Direction of Spatial Attention to Male Versus Female Stimuli: A Comparison of Heterosexual Men and Women

et al. 2016

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Abundant research has shown that men’s sexual attractions are more category-specific in relation to gender than women’s are. We tested whether the early automatic allocation of spatial attention reflects these sexual attractions. The dot-probe task was used to assess whether spatial attention was attracted to images of either male or female models that were naked or partially clothed. In Experiment 1, men were faster if the target appeared after the female stimulus, whereas women were equally quick to respond to targets after male or female stimuli. In Experiment 2, neutral cues were introduced. Men were again faster to female images in comparison to male or neutral images, but showed no bias on the male versus neutral test. Women were faster to both male and female pictures in comparison to neutral pictures. However, in this experiment they were also faster to female pictures than to male pictures. The results suggest that early attentional processes reveal category-specific interest to the preferred sexual category for heterosexual men, and suggest that heterosexual women do not have category-specific guidance of attentional mechanisms. The technique may have promise in measuring sexual interest in other situations where participants may not be able, or may not be willing, to report upon their sexual interests (e.g., assessment of paedophilic interest).

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“…Higher mean response latencies in trials with targets of specific sex or sexual maturity are then interpreted as indicating the sexual interests of the individual. In spite of profound support for the validity of VT tasks in assessing sexual orientation (e.g., Bourke & Gormley, 2012;Ebsworth & Lalumière, 2012;Imhoff et al, 2010;Imhoff et al, 2011, Study 1;Israel & Strassberg, 2009;Lippa, 2012;Quinsey, Ketsetzis, Earls, & Karamanoukian;Zamansky, 1956), the underlying mechanisms have not been finally clarified. However, Imhoff et al (2010) experimentally ruled out deliberate delay of response latencies and interfering attentional adhesion effects due to the sexually attractive nature of relevant target stimuli.…”

Section: Task-relevant Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Measurement of Sexual Orientation: Comparison of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, Viewing Time, and Choice Reaction Time Tasks

et al. 2015

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The present study was conducted to validate an adaptation of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) as an indirect latency-based measure of sexual orientation. Reliabilities (internal consistencies) reached satisfactory levels. In contrast, the CRT did not tap into sexual orientation in the present study. In sum, the VT measure performed best, with the IRAP showing only slightly lower reliability and criterion validity, whereas the CRT did not yield any evidence of reliability or criterion validity in the present research. The results were discussed in the light of specific task properties of the indirect latency-based measures (task-relevance vs. task-irrelevance).

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Comparing a Pictorial Stroop Task to Viewing Time Measures of Sexual Interest

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges

The Neurobiology and Psychology of Pedophilia: Recent Advances and Challenges

Automatic Direction of Spatial Attention to Male Versus Female Stimuli: A Comparison of Heterosexual Men and Women

Indirect Measurement of Sexual Orientation: Comparison of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, Viewing Time, and Choice Reaction Time Tasks

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