Comparative Wear Resistance of Existing and Prospective Materials of Fast-Wearing Elements of Mining Equipment

Abstract

The results of tests for resistance to abrasive wear on highly abrasive hard rock white electrocorundum are presented. The main material of fast-wearing elements of mining and processing equipment-110G13L steel (Gadfield steel) in comparison with other 9 grades of steel and cast iron, including specially developed wear-resistant foreign steels such as Hardox and Miiluks, is analyzed. The studies were carried out using an experimental stand for studying the material wearing process. On the stand the sample was fixed in a holding device and, after being brought into contact with the abrasive, it was rotated under a constant load. As a result of the experiments, it was confirmed that the order of placement of the tested materials in terms of increasing wear resistance coincides with their placement in terms of increasing hardness. At the same time, the wear resistance of the most resistant material – U8A steel after quenching – is about 4 times higher than this indicator for the least resistant components – low-carbon steel 25L, including gray and high-strength cast iron SCH21, VCH35. The wear resistance of 110G13L steel, as well as 65G, U8 steels in the hardened state, is from 1.5 to 2 times higher than that of foreign steels M400, H450, M500, H500. The results of the conducted studies allow us to evaluate the analyzed materials on the basis of their wear resistance and hardness indicators on the feasibility of using them in the manufacture of fast-wearing parts of mining equipment. Based on the research data, it seems promising to develop new ways to increase the wear resistance of domestic steel, including 110G13L steel traditionally used in mining.

Estimation of the optimal direction of the horizontal borehole relative to the minimum and maximum formation stress

“…When choosing the optimal technology, several criteria were followed -achieving the maximum efficiency of hydraulic fractures due to the maximum interference time; the minimum degree of damage to the created fractures and the productive formation, as well as the achievement of maximum conductivity of the fixed hydraulic fractures [11,14].…”

Development MPC for the Grinding Process in SAG Mills Using DEM Investigations on Liner Wear

“…Grinding of the material occurs mainly by crushing and abrasion by the rolling balls. Cascade mode of mill operation is characterized by fine grinding with increased sludge output and increased wear of the lining due to slippage of the rock-ball loading on the drum wall and, as a consequence, abrasive wear [49] feedback control, reducing the control system overflow and its oscillations caused by inaccurate feedback control. Delaney et al [47] used various methods to implement predictive analytics techniques as a result the model estimates mass loss with particle evolution and included cumulative damage and destruction.…”

“…Grinding of the material occurs mainly by crushing and abrasion by the rolling balls. Cascade mode of mill operation is characterized by fine grinding with increased sludge output and increased wear of the lining due to slippage of the rock-ball loading on the drum wall and, as a consequence, abrasive wear [49] (a) (b) (c) As the drum rotation speed increases (75-88% of the critical speed), the angle of rotation of the ball load increases and the balls on circular trajectories rise higher, but the mode of operation is still cascade. When, at last, the balls rise to the certain height, determined by the mill rotation frequency, they come down from the circular trajectories and, like bodies thrown at an angle to the horizon, fall back to the circular trajectories along parabolic ones.…”

“…According to [49], depending on the operating mode of the mill, the hardness ratio of the lining material and rock, as well as the type of lining, three main types of armor wear can be distinguished.…”

“…On the basis of previous studies [49,52], the wear resistance of 110G13L («Petrostal» Metallurgical Plant, Saint Petersburg, Russia) steel was determined in comparison with wear resistance of Hardox (Stockholm, Sweden) (H400, H500) steels of SSAB Oxelosund AB (Stockholm, Sweden) and Miiluks (M450, M500) steels of Miilux Oy (Raahe, Finland) in conditions of their wear by friction on highly abrasive rock. In addition to these steels, the object of tests were carbon steels 45, U8 and 65G and cast irons SCH21 and VCH35, as materials also used for the manufacture of wear elements of mining equipment, including lining plates of mills.…”