Comparative Value of Kentucky Bluegrass, Kentucky 31 Fescue, Orcard Grass, and Bromegrass as Pastures for Milk Cows. I. How Kind of Grass Affected Persistence of Milk Production, TDN Yield, and Body Weight

Seath, D.M.; Lassiter, C. A.; Rust, J. W.; Cole, Maurice; Bastin, G.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(56)94788-9

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Milk production by cows from either MOZARK or OG treatments did not differ. These data confirm previous reports with dairy cows that showed that consumption of tall fescue decreased milk production (Pratt and Haynes, 1950;Seath et al, 1956). Research with low-endophyte varieties indicated greater milk production compared with highly endophyte-infected tall fescue (Hemken et 12: 1 1 -10.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Belesky et al (1988) reported a similar pattern of ergovaline concentrations associated with endophyte fungus-infected Ken- for calf BW gain. Similar to other studies (Seath et al, 1956;Gay et al, 19881, cow BW loss was greater (P c .011 for cows that grazed KY-31 than for cows that grazed MOZARK or OG. In our study, a large initial BW loss occurred during the first 28 d for cows consuming endophyte-infected KY-3 1 ( Figure 21.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Changes in cow BW agree with other reports of increased BW loss or slower gains by cows grazing fungus-infected fescue compared with fungus-free tall fescue or other cool-season grasses. Seath et al (1956) reported that BW loss by dairy cows fed tall fescue was .70 kg/d, compared with .05 kg/d for cows fed orchardgrass. In two 8-wk trials over consecutive years, Strahan et al (1987) monitored BW changes when cows consumed fungus-infected or fungus-free tall fescue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance, forage utilization, and ergovaline consumption by beef cows grazing endophyte fungus-infected tall fescue, endophyte fungus-free tall fescue, or orchardgrass pastures1

Peters

Grigsby

Aldrich

et al. 1992

Journal of Animal Science

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Two 120-d trials (May to September, 1988 and 1989) determined the effects of grazing tall fescue (two varieties) or orchardgrass on forage intake and performance by beef cows. Each summer, 48 cow-calf pairs grazed endophyte-infected Kentucky-31 tall fescue (KY-31), endophyte-free Mozark tall fescue (MOZARK), or Hallmark orchardgrass (OG) pastures (16 pairs/treatment). Forage OM intakes and digestibilities were determined during June and August each year. Cow and calf BW and milk production were determined every 28 d. During June of both years, OM intakes did not differ (P greater than .10) among treatments. During August of 1988, intakes were 18% lower (P less than .05) by KY-31 cows (1.6% of BW) than by MOZARK or OG cows (average 1.95% of BW); however, no differences (P greater than .10) were measured in August of 1989. Estimates of ergovaline consumption during June from KY-31 were between 4.2 (1988) and 6.0 mg/d (1989), whereas August estimates were between 1.1 (1988) and 2.8 mg/d (1989). Ergovaline in MOZARK estrusa was below detection limits, except in August of 1989. Cows that grazed KY-31 lost three times (P less than .01) more BW than cows that grazed MOZARK or OG (42 vs 9 and 13 kg, respectively). Milk production by KY-31 cows was 25% lower (P less than .01) than that by cows that grazed MOZARK or OG (6.0 vs average of 8.0 kg/d). Similarly, slower (P less than .01) calf gains were noted for KY-31 than for MOZARK or OG (.72 vs .89 and .88 kg/d, respectively). Cows grazing KY-31 experienced accelerated BW loss and reduced milk production and weaned lighter calves than did cows grazing MOZARK or OG. Decreased performance was not explained by consistently reduced forage intakes; hence, altered nutrient utilization was suspected.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance, forage utilization, and ergovaline consumption by beef cows grazing endophyte fungus-infected tall fescue, endophyte fungus-free tall fescue, or orchardgrass pastures1

Peters

Grigsby

Aldrich

et al. 1992

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The findings from the first replicated grazing trials using lactating dairy cows, however, were not published until the mid 50s (Seath et al, 1956;Lassiter et al, 1956;both articles cited by Burns, 2005). Seath et al (1956), from the University of Kentucky, Lexington, reported total digestible nutrients (TDN) yield per surface unit, milk production persistency, and body weight changes for lactating dairy cows.…”

Section: Dairy Grazing Research In Eastern Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Vibart

Fellner

Burns

et al. 2008

Journal of Dairy Research

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Two, 8-week experiments, each using 30 lactating Holstein cows, were conducted to examine performance of animals offered combinations of total mixed ration (TMR) and high-quality pasture. Experiment 1 was initiated in mid October 2004 and Experiment 2 was initiated in late March 2005. Cows were assigned to either a 100% TMR diet (100:00, no access to pasture) or one of the following three formulated partial mixed rations (PMR) targeted at (1) 85% TMR and 15% pasture, (2) 70% TMR and 30% pasture and (3) 55% TMR and 45% pasture. Based on actual TMR and pasture intake, the dietary TMR and pasture proportions of the three PMR in Experiment 1 were 79% TMR and 21% pasture (79:21), 68% TMR and 32% pasture (68:32), and 59% TMR and 41% pasture (59:41), respectively. Corresponding proportions in Experiment 2 were 89% TMR and 11% pasture (89:11), 79% TMR and 21% pasture (79:21) and 65% TMR and 35% pasture (65:35), respectively. Reducing the proportion of TMR in the diets increased pasture consumption of cows on all PMR, but reduced total dry matter intake compared with cows on 100:00. An increase in forage from pasture increased the concentration of conjugated linoleic acids and decreased the concentration of saturated fatty acids in milk. Although milk and milk protein yields from cows grazing spring pastures (Experiment 2) increased with increasing intakes of TMR, a partial mixed ration that was composed of 41% pasture grazed in the fall (Experiment 1) resulted in a similar overall lactation performance with increased feed efficiency compared to an all-TMR ration.

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“…The first replicated grazing trial with dairy heifer as test animals was reported in the Journal of Dairy Science in 1954 by McCullough et al (1954) and, the first replicated grazing trial using lactating dairy cows as test animals, was published in 1956 by Seath et al (1956) and Lassiter et al (1956) In the same volume of Journal of Dairy Science , Pratt and Davis published the first grazing experiment using a protein–grain mixture fed as a variable supplement to cows grazing a legume–grass pasture (Pratt and Davis, 1956). It is worthy to note that the 39th volume (1956) of the Journal of Dairy Science contained 12 articles which addressed pastures for the grazing dairy animal.…”

Section: Early Grazing Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing Research in the Humid East: A Historical Perspective

Burns

2006

Crop Science

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A historical perspective of the major developments in grazing research for the humid Eastern USA was addressed. Consideration was given to the emergence of the area of grazing research relative to the initial structure of agricultural institutions, the orientation of scientist within the constraints of the institutional boundaries (departments) and the carry-through noted today. Early grazing research was constrained to the informal literature and discussed as informational, demonstrational, and experimental. The milestones that have been achieved, including statistical application, conceptual assessment, description of grazing management, methods of computing pasture yields, the origin and use of put-and-take stocking, pasture and animal biomass relationships, choice of stocking method, flexible grazing, and measurements in recent grazing research are presented and discussed relative to their origin and application. Furthermore, consideration was given to a number of important innovations with origin in the humid East that have contributed to the advancement of grazing research. Finally, brief consideration is given to future priority areas of grazing research and associated constraints.

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Comparative Value of Kentucky Bluegrass, Kentucky 31 Fescue, Orcard Grass, and Bromegrass as Pastures for Milk Cows. I. How Kind of Grass Affected Persistence of Milk Production, TDN Yield, and Body Weight

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Performance, forage utilization, and ergovaline consumption by beef cows grazing endophyte fungus-infected tall fescue, endophyte fungus-free tall fescue, or orchardgrass pastures1

Performance, forage utilization, and ergovaline consumption by beef cows grazing endophyte fungus-infected tall fescue, endophyte fungus-free tall fescue, or orchardgrass pastures1

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Grazing Research in the Humid East: A Historical Perspective

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