“…Proteins involved in defending the host against external pathogens, such as tachylectin and coagulogen, were identified in both LPS-stimulated and non-stimulated conditions [ 19 ]. In corroboration with this study, Sarmiento et al (2021) also detected tachylectins and coagulogen in the hemocytes of the horseshoe crab at transcriptomic mRNA levels, and the expressions of the lectin genes were altered when the homocytes was exposed to LPS [ 20 ]. This indicates that these proteins used for host defense are readily synthesized and available in the hemocytes before exposure to pathogens.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
“…Similarly, hemocyanin gene was also detected in the transcriptomic sample of the T . gigas hemocytes [ 20 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Supportively, the DNA polymerase gene was also detected at transcriptomic level when LPS was exposed to the hemocytes of T . gigas [ 20 ]. Aspartate carbamoyltransferase catalyzes amino acid binding during translation of RNA, and it is involved in the metabolic process of cellular amino acid and pyrimidine biosynthesis [ 27 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The collection was done using patented techniques (MY-155541-A) in a biological safety cabinet (ESCO, USA. A modified version of Osaki et al [ 11 ] protocol recently reported by Samiento et al [ 9 ] was adopted to carry out the LPS challenge on the hemolymph of the horseshoe crab.…”
Horseshoe crabs are one of the most studied invertebrates due to their remarkable innate immunity mechanism and biological processes. In this work, the proteins of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated and non-stimulated hemocytes of Malaysian Tachypleus gigas were profiled using LC-MS/MS. A total of 154 proteins were identified in both types of samples. Additionally, seventy-seven proteins were commonly found in both conditions, while 52 and 25 proteins were uniquely found in the LPS-stimulated and non-stimulated hemocytes, respectively. ATP-dependent energy-generating proteins such as actins and BLTX actin-related proteins were detected in both stimulated and non-stimulated T. gigas hemocytes, but more of such proteins were found in the former type. Proteins such as tachylectin-2, coagulogen, c-reactive proteins, histones, hemocyanin, and DNA polymerase, which play key roles in the organism’s innate immunity, were differentially expressed in the hemocytes following LPS challenge. In conclusion, the proteins identified in the hemolymph of T. gigas are vital for the organism’s molecular functions, biological processes, and activation of innate immunity.
“…Proteins involved in defending the host against external pathogens, such as tachylectin and coagulogen, were identified in both LPS-stimulated and non-stimulated conditions [ 19 ]. In corroboration with this study, Sarmiento et al (2021) also detected tachylectins and coagulogen in the hemocytes of the horseshoe crab at transcriptomic mRNA levels, and the expressions of the lectin genes were altered when the homocytes was exposed to LPS [ 20 ]. This indicates that these proteins used for host defense are readily synthesized and available in the hemocytes before exposure to pathogens.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
“…Similarly, hemocyanin gene was also detected in the transcriptomic sample of the T . gigas hemocytes [ 20 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Supportively, the DNA polymerase gene was also detected at transcriptomic level when LPS was exposed to the hemocytes of T . gigas [ 20 ]. Aspartate carbamoyltransferase catalyzes amino acid binding during translation of RNA, and it is involved in the metabolic process of cellular amino acid and pyrimidine biosynthesis [ 27 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The collection was done using patented techniques (MY-155541-A) in a biological safety cabinet (ESCO, USA. A modified version of Osaki et al [ 11 ] protocol recently reported by Samiento et al [ 9 ] was adopted to carry out the LPS challenge on the hemolymph of the horseshoe crab.…”
Horseshoe crabs are one of the most studied invertebrates due to their remarkable innate immunity mechanism and biological processes. In this work, the proteins of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated and non-stimulated hemocytes of Malaysian Tachypleus gigas were profiled using LC-MS/MS. A total of 154 proteins were identified in both types of samples. Additionally, seventy-seven proteins were commonly found in both conditions, while 52 and 25 proteins were uniquely found in the LPS-stimulated and non-stimulated hemocytes, respectively. ATP-dependent energy-generating proteins such as actins and BLTX actin-related proteins were detected in both stimulated and non-stimulated T. gigas hemocytes, but more of such proteins were found in the former type. Proteins such as tachylectin-2, coagulogen, c-reactive proteins, histones, hemocyanin, and DNA polymerase, which play key roles in the organism’s innate immunity, were differentially expressed in the hemocytes following LPS challenge. In conclusion, the proteins identified in the hemolymph of T. gigas are vital for the organism’s molecular functions, biological processes, and activation of innate immunity.
“…The computational model incorporating lncRNA expression profiles and somatic mutation profiles in a tumor genome to screen the genes that are significantly associated with lncRNAs (Fig. 1 ): (1) the cumulative number of somatic mutations was computed and ranked in decreasing order for each patient; (2) the top 25% of patients were defined as genomic unstable (GU)-like group, and the last 25% were defined genomically stable (GS)-like group; (3) expression profiles of lncRNAs between the GU group and GS group were compared using significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) method; (4) differentially expressed lncRNAs (|log fold change|> 0.3 and false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p < 0.05) were defined as genomic instability-associated lncRNAs 11 . Figure 1 Computational process of genomic instability-related lncRNAs detection.…”
The research is executed to analyze the connection between genomic instability-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. We set a prognostic model up and explored different risk groups' features. The clinical datasets and gene expression profiles of 307 patients have been downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We established a prognostic model that combined somatic mutation profiles and lncRNA expression profiles in a tumor genome and identified 35 genomic instability-associated lncRNAs in cervical cancer as a case study. We then stratified patients into low-risk and high-risk groups and were further checked in multiple independent patient cohorts. Patients were separated into two sets: the testing set and the training set. The prognostic model was built using three genomic instability-associated lncRNAs (AC107464.2, MIR100HG, and AP001527.2). Patients in the training set were divided into the high-risk group with shorter overall survival and the low-risk group with longer overall survival (p < 0.001); in the meantime, similar comparable results were found in the testing set (p = 0.046), whole set (p < 0.001). There are also significant differences in patients with histological grades, FIGO stages, and different ages (p < 0.05). The prognostic model focused on genomic instability-associated lncRNAs could predict the prognosis of cervical cancer patients, paving the way for further research into the function and resource of lncRNAs, as well as a key approach to customizing individual care decision-making.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
