Comparative toxicology for risk assessment of marine fishes and crustaceans

Suter, Glenn; Rosen, Aaron E.

doi:10.1021/es00170a011

Cited by 58 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…We performed 2 standard acute toxicity tests: mysid shrimp Americamysis bahi 48 h static acute toxicity test, and topsmelt Atherinops affinis 48 h static acute toxicity test. These species are among the most sensitive to toxic chemicals in seawater (Suter & Rosen 1988), and are commonly used to evaluate the toxicity of effluents discharged into marine waters. All toxicity tests were performed in accordance with standard regulatory procedures (US Environmental Protection Agency 1993.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone treatment of ballast water on the oil tanker S/T Tonsina: chemistry, biology and toxicity

Herwig¹,

Cordell²,

Perrins³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Worldwide transfer and introduction of non-indigenous species in ballast water causes significant environmental and economic impact. One way to address this problem is to remove or inactivate organisms that are found in ballast water. In this study, 3 experiments were conducted in Puget Sound, Washington, USA, using a prototype ozone treatment system installed on a commercial oil tanker, the S/T Tonsina. Treatment consisted of ozone gas diffused into a ballast tank for 5 and 10 h. Treatment and control tanks were sampled during the ozonation period for chemistry, culturable bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton. Selected fish and invertebrates were placed in cages deployed in the treatment and control tanks. Ozone introduced into seawater rapidly converts bromide (Br -) to bromines (HOBr/OBr -), compounds that are disinfectants. These were measured as total residual oxidant (TRO). Ozone treatment inactivated large portions of culturable bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton. The highest reductions observed were 99.99% for the culturable bacteria, > 99% for dinoflagellates and 96% for zooplankton. Caged animal results varied among taxa and locations in the ballast tank. Sheepshead minnows and mysid shrimp were most susceptible, shore crabs and amphipods the least. Distribution of ozone in the treatment tank was not homogenous during experiments, as suggested by the observed TRO concentrations and lower efficacies for inactivating the different taxa in selected ballast tank locations. Low concentrations of bromoform, a disinfection byproduct, were found in treated ballast water.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone treatment of ballast water on the oil tanker S/T Tonsina: chemistry, biology and toxicity

Herwig¹,

Cordell²,

Perrins³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Species are aggregated to the genus level because species within the same genus tend to have similar susceptibility [21]. Although this assumption is not always valid, 5% of affected genera has become the generally accepted threshold of environmental change in the United States [7].…”

Section: Genus Extirpation Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for deriving water‐quality benchmarks using field data

Cormier

Suter

2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The authors describe a methodology that characterizes effects to individual genera observed in the field and estimate the concentration at which 5% of genera are adversely affected. Ionic strength, measured as specific conductance, is used to illustrate the methodology. Assuming some resilience in the population, 95% of the genera are afforded protection. The authors selected an unambiguous effect, the presence or absence of a genus from sampling locations. The absence of a genus, extirpation, is operationally defined as the point above which only 5% of the observations of a genus occurs. The concentrations that cause extirpation of each genus are rank-ordered from least to greatest, and the benchmark is estimated at the 5th percentile of the distribution using two-point interpolation. When a full range of exposures and many taxa are included in the model of taxonomic sensitivity, the model broadly characterizes how species in general respond to a concentration gradient of the causal agent. This recognized U.S. Environmental Protection Agency methodology has many advantages. Observations from field studies include the full range of conditions, effects, species, and interactions that occur in the environment and can be used to model some causal relationships that laboratory studies cannot. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:255-262. # 2012 SETAC

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“…Suter ef a/., (1983) and Suter and Rosen (1988) used the taxonomic relationships between test animals and species of interest to estimate the response for species that have not been tested. Regressions were performed between all pairs of species that occur in a common genus, all pairs of genera within a family, families within orders, etc.…”

Section: Specific Taxonomic Extrapolationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salmonids are the most sensitive fish. Mysid and peneid shrimp have been found to be the most sensitive marine organisms (Suter and Rosen, 1988). No one species or set of species can be assumed to be consistently the most sensitive.…”

Section: Generic Taxonomic Extrapolationsmentioning

confidence: 99%