Comparative Toxicity of Selected Insecticides to Aphis citricola, Myzus malisuctus (Homoptera: Aphididae), and the Predator Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Abstract

Response of the apple aphid Aphis citricola van der Goot adults to treatment with several classes of insecticides varied from most toxic (esfenvalerate with LC50 0.89 ppm [AI]) to least toxic (monocrotophos with LC50 385.51 ppm [AI]). Esfenvalerate, which was most toxic to A. citricola, was also most toxic to the aphidophagus coccinellid Harmonia axyridis Pallas. The response of the aphid Myzus I1wlisllctus Matsumura adult to different insecticides varied from highly susceptible (deltamethrin with LC50 0.01 ppm [AI]) to highly tolerant (fenpropathrin with LC50 6.95 ppm [AI]). Esfenvalerate, which was 3rd in the order of toxicityto M. malisucttls, was the most toxiccompound to H. axyridis. Alphamethrin,which showed the lowest selectivityratio, was also much safer to the predator than to the pest. Based on their selectivity ratios, alphamethrin appeared tDbe the most promising candidate fDrIlse in integrated pest management prDgramswhere H. axyridis is the majDrnatural enemy.

IPM-compatibility of foliar insecticides for citrus: Indices derived from toxicity to beneficial insects from four orders

“…Similarly, Edwards & Hodgson (1973) found carbamates to be highly toxic to the coccinellid Stethorus nigripes, an important mite predator in citrus. Cho et al (1997) found esfenvalerate to be the most toxic of materials they tested against H. axyridis and its toxicity index to the coccinellid species in this study was not significantly lower than that of the carbamates and pyrethroids (Fig. 1).…”

Seletividade de Inseticidas a Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) e ao Predador Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)

“…Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos por Picanço et al (1996) com os predadores Podisus nigrispinus Bergroth e Supputius cincticeps Stal (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) em relação a Dione juno juno (Cr.) (Lepidoptera: Heliconidae) e por Cho et al (1997) com adultos e larvas de Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), em relação a suas presas Myzus malisuctus Matsumura e Aphis citricola Van Der Goot (Hemiptera: Aphididae).…”

Conservation of natural enemies in brassica crops: comparative selectivity of insecticides in the management of Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)

“…The insecticide acephate was less toxic to predators Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville), H. variegata (Goeze), H. sinuata (Mulsant), Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and to parasitoids D. rapae, Aphelinus varipes (Foerster) (Aphelinidae) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Aphidiidae) than to Diuraphis noxia Kurdyumov (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (Bayoun et al, 1995). Similarly, Cho et al (1997) observed that deltamethrin was less toxic to adults and larvae of Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) than to Myzus malisuctus Matsumura and Aphis citricola Van Der Goot (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Fragoso et al (2002) tested the LC 99 of methyl parathion for Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Menéville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) on Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark and Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae) obtaining less than 20% mortality of the predatory mite.…”