Comparative toxicity of cis-cypermethrin in rainbow trout, frog, mouse, and quail

Comparative Toxicology of the Pyrethroid Insecticides

“…Once a bird becomes recumbent, death usually follows shortly. Similar effects have been reported for cyper-methrin intoxication in Japanese quail (Edwards et al 1986). Intoxication with these pyrethroids seems consistent with the Type II syndrome in mammals.…”

“…In mammals the cis-isomers of permethrin and cypermethrin are significantly more toxic than the trans-isomers (e.g., > 8 times for permethrin in the mouse, . In trqut, however, this relationship has not been observed, and the cis-and trans-isomers ofpermethrin ) and cypermethrin (Edwards et al 1986) are essentially equitoxic. Lethality tests with fenvalerate in fathead minnows and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) indicated that toxicity in fish is influenced by stereochemical structure, with lethality to fish strongly dependent on the 2S,aS component of the technical mixture (Bradbury et al 1987b).…”

“…The distribution of [cyclopropyl-14C]cis-cypermethrin has been reported in the Japanese quail by Edwards et al (1986). Within 2 h of a single oral dose of 37 mg/kg, approximately 40% of the radiocarbon was excreted.…”

The Effects of Pyrethroid and Triazine Pesticides on Fish Physiology

“…Sarkar et al (2005) found significant changes such as hyperplasia, disintegration of hepatic mass, and focal coagulative necrosis in Labeo rohita exposed to cypermethrin. Edwards et al (1986) reported acute toxicity symptoms of cypermethrin in rainbow trout including gill flailing, hyperactivity, loss of buoyancy, and inability to remain upright. Cengiz (2006) observed histopathological effects of deltamethrin on the gill (desquamation, necrosis, aneurysm in secondary lamellae, lifting of the lamellar epithelium, oedema, epithelial hyperplasia, and fusion of the secondary lamellae) of common carp after acute exposure in concentration of 0.029 and 0.041 mg/L.…”

Mechanisms of toxic action and structure-activity relationships for organochlorine and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides.

“…Differential toxicity at the site of action is responsible, in part, for the notable selectivity of these compounds. Differences in target-site sensitivity have been noted for different classes of vertebrates (54). Differences in metabolism also account for part of the differential toxicity (38,54).…”