Comparative Study on Chemical Constituents of Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Parts of Flos Abelmoschus manihot, Based on Metabolite Profiling Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Abstract

According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), Abelmoschi Corolla (AC) is the dried corolla of Flos Abelmoschus manihot (FAM). Market research has found that AC is often mixed with the non-medicinal parts in FAM, including calyx, stamen, and pistil. However, previous studies have not clarified the relationship between the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM. In this study, in order to investigate whether there is any distinction between the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM, the characterization of the constituents in calyx, corolla, stamen, and pistil was analyzed by UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to classify and screen differential constituents between medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM, and the relative contents of differential constituents were compared based on the peak intensities. Results showed that 51 constituents in medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM were identified, and the fragmentation pathways to different types of constituents were preliminarily deduced by the fragmentation behavior of the identified constituents. Furthermore, multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the medicinal and non-medicinal parts of FAM differed significantly; 20 differential constituents were screened out to reveal the characteristics of metabolic differences. Among them, the relative contents of 19 differential constituents in the medicinal part were significantly higher than those in non-medicinal parts. This study could be helpful in the quality evaluation of AC as well as provide basic information for the improvement of the market standard of AC.

Beyond Traditional Use of Alchemilla vulgaris: Genoprotective and Antitumor Activity In Vitro

“…Quercetin ( 40 ) was identified by the deprotonated molecular ion at m / z 301 [M − H] − and prominent fragments at m / z 179.00 and m / z 151.00 obtained by RDA fragmentation in the MS/MS spectrum [ 28 ]. The neutral loss of 176 (compound 26 ), 162 ( 25 and 29 ), and 132 Da ( 31 and 32 ) from the precursor ion in MS/MS spectra revealed the presence of glucuronic acid, hexose, and pentose moieties.…”

“…Compounds 12 and 17 – 19 were identified as myricetin and gossypetin glycosides, respectively, by comparing their retention times and mass spectral behavior with those published in the literature [ 28 ]. Myricetin and gossypetin are pentahydroxyflavonols differing in the position of one OH group and gave similar fragmentation in their MS/MS spectra with ions [Y 0 ] − and [Y 0 − H] − ( m / z 317 and 316) and [Y 0 − H] − and [Y 0 − H − CO − H 2 O] − ( m / z 271).…”

“…The higher intensity of the peak at m / z 479 in comparison with those at m / z 463 (in 17 ) and 449 (in 18 and 19 ) supported the attachment of the pentose and hexose/deoxyhexose moieties at C-3 and C-7 of the gossypetin molecule, respectively. The compounds 17 – 19 were tentatively identified as gossypetin 3- O -hexoside-7- O -rhamnoside and gossypetin 3- O -deoxyhexoside-7- O -rhamnoside isomers 1 and 2 [ 21 , 24 , 28 ]. All these compounds are described for the first time in A. vulgaris .…”

Hibiscus acetosella: An Unconventional Alternative Edible Flower Rich in Bioactive Compounds

“…Gallic acid 3- O -β-glucoside was related in Malvaceae [ 30 ]. Another phenolic identified as 5-(3-carboxy-2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid was identified in Hibiscus spp.…”