Comparative Study of the Essential Oil and Hydrosol Composition of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) from Serbia

Abstract

The most abundant volatile compounds of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) essential oil were artemisia ketone (25.4 %) and trans‐caryophyllene (10.2 %), followed by 1,8‐cineole, camphor, germacrene D and β‐selinene. The major volatile compounds in the hydrosol were camphor (25.1 %), 1,8‐cineole (20.5 %) and artemisia ketone (10.7 %), followed by trans‐pinocarveol and yomogi alcohol. Tested essential oil was rich in oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, while the former were identified as the major class of volatile compounds in the hydrosol, due to higher water solubility. Classification of all sweet wormwood chemotypes, according to essential oil composition, in available literature (17 studies and 61 accessions) could be done according to four chemotypes: artemisia ketone+artemisia alcohol (most abundant), artemisia ketone, camphor and nonspecific chemotype. According to this classification, essential oil of sweet wormwood from this study belongs to artemisia ketone (content varied between 22.1 and 55.8 %). Bearing in mind that hydrosols are a by‐product of industrial production of essential oils, and the fact that sweet wormwood hydrosol has high contents of camphor, 1,8‐cineole and artemisia ketone, there is a great potential for the use of this aromatic plant primary processing waste product as a water replacement in cosmetic industry, beverages flavoring, for food preservation, as well as in post‐harvest pre‐storage treatments in organic agriculture.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activity of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Essential Oil and Hydrolate

“…The phylogenetic cluster tree for DMEO was estimated and drawn using R software 4.0.3, as it is previously described for essential oil of white horehound [ 54 ], immortelle [ 55 ], hyssop [ 56 ], naked catmint [ 57 ], and sweet wormwood [ 58 ].…”

“…Gas chromatograph (Agilent 7890A) with two detectors, flame ionization (FID) and mass selective (Agilent 5975C) , and non-polar capillary column HP-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) were used for the analysis of DMEO and DMH. The operating conditions were the same as in our previous works [ 58 , 71 ]. Identification of the components was conducted according to their linear retention indices (RI), and comparison with mass spectral libraries (Adams ver.…”

Variability in Biological Activities of Satureja montana Subsp. montana and Subsp. variegata Based on Different Extraction Methods

“…The volatile fraction of the EO and HY were analyzed by GC/FID and GC-MS, as previously described by Aćimović et al [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. The non-volatile compounds were analyzed in terms of total phenolic content by the spectrophotometrically microscale-adapted Folin–Ciocalteau method [ 69 ].…”

Viola calcarata L. and Viola dubyana Burnat ex Gremli hydrolates: DI-SPME-GC-MS analysis and biological activity evaluation

“…Hydrolates, also known as floral aromatic waters as well as hydrosols, are produced by hydro-distillation or steam distillation [Aćimović et al 2020a]. During process, the fat-soluble and volatile compounds of the plants give rise to the essential oil, while the watersoluble components remain in the distilled water forming the hydrolate [Tavares et al 2022].…”

“…After years, the use of hydrolates has appreciably increased due to the rediscovery of their properties. Currently, many hydrolates are widely exploited in aromatherapy, cosmetic formulations, food industry and organic agriculture [Aćimović et al 2020a]. Several studies reported their antioxidant, anti-allergic, antiinflammatory antimicrobial and fungicidal properties as well as cytotoxic or anti-enzymatic activity [Boyraz & Ozcan 2006;Ko et al 2017;Shen et al 2017;D'Amato et al 2018;Mohamed Gameil et al 2019;Ha et al 2021;Pérez-Izquierdo et al 2022;Yu et al 2022].…”