Comparative Study of the Cephalic Index of the Population from the Regions of the North and South of Brazil

Abstract

SUMMARY:Since the beginning of the century in various countries, investigations to determine the anthropometric characteristics of a population were carried out. The issue of miscegenation in Brazil is of great importance in this study to define a population representative data on the cranial anthropometry. The large size of Brazil, with 8.514.876 km 2 leads to an investigation between the two extreme regions of the country: North and South, because of the ethnic composition of their colonizers. This study aims to investigate, compare and rank possible differences in cephalic index of the populations from these regions of Brazil. Therefore, an anthropometric study was performed at the School of Aeronautics Expert (single training center for graduates of Brazilian Air Force), measurements were performed in 110 male students, divided by regions, and also the parents of these students who came from the same region of Brazil. The average width of the head shown in the Northern region is 15.80 ± 0.69 and 15.75 ± 0.53 in the Southern region, with significant difference (P <0.05). The average length of the head lodged in the Northern region is 19.54 ± 0.61 and 19.94 and in the South ± 0.67, significant difference (P <0.05). With respect to the cephalic index the average in the North is 80.93 ± 3.84 and in the South 79.06 ± 3.60, significant difference (P <0.05). In the Northern region, for the classification, mesocephalic is predominant, but with a tendency to brachycephalic and hyperbrachycephalic, dolichocephalic type was rare in the South and the opposite occurs with respect to the rare type, the classification is to mesocephalic predominantly the second type is also brachycephalic, dolichocephalic but it is the third most common, often presented as the brachycephalic type.

Correlation between cephalic index and facial index in skeletal malocclusions – An analytical cross-sectional study

“…Head form prevalence: The results indicated a prevalence of Mesocephalic head form (45.1%) in the Malabar region of Kerala. Concordant results with predominance of mesocephalic head form were observed in the studies of Njemirovskij V et al, 5 Alves HA et al, 6 Nair SK et al, 7 Patro S et al, 8 Mishra M et al, 9 Akinbami BO, 10 Lakshmi KK et al, 11 Shah T et al, 12 Setiya M et al, 13 Ahmed SKN and Sreenivasan M, 14 Ranga MKS and Mallika MCV, 15 Doshi MA and Jadhav SD, 16 Mangeshkar A et al 17 and Thomas MW and Rajan SK. 18 The present study results showed Brachycephalic head form as the second most prevalent group with an incidence of 21% among the study subjects.…”

Cephalic Index among Nepalese Medical Students

“…18 This finding was also not similar with Fulanis, Tangos and Teras people of North Eastern Nigeria 19 and on the students of Brazil. 20 Similarly this finding was not consistent with the studies conducted on medical students of Amp Nageswara Institute of Dental Sciences. 21…”

Syringomyelia: Retrospective Analysis of 30 Surgically Treated Patients from the Northeast of Brazil

“…3 4 The Brazilian Northeast is considered one of the regions in the world with the highest number of cases of craniocervical junction malformation (CJM). 5 6 Local studies conducted by Silva et al 6 and Alves et al 7 relate this fact to the great presence of brachycephaly in the area, which is so easily noted that it became popular knowledge, with people from the Northeast of Brazil, sometimes being referred to, pejoratively, as “flat head” or “short neck.” 5 Associated with this craniometric profile, there is a marked prevalence of platybasia and BI. 5 This propensity toward flattening of the skull base and its correlation with SM may explain its high frequency.…”