Comparative study of stress response, growth and development of uteri in post‐weaning gilts challenged with zearalenone and estradiol benzoate

Zhou, Min; Yang, Lei; Chen, Yanhong; Sun, Tao; Wang, Nuan; Chen, Xing; Yang, Zaibin; Ge, Jinshan; Jiang, Shuzhen

doi:10.1111/jpn.13195

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Most studies have established that ZEA can induce the expression of Hsp70. For example, compared with the control group, it can be clear that in the uterus of weaning sows, the 1.04 mg/kg ZEA arginine treatment sample has a higher level of Hsp70 mRNA [ 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the mechanism whereby ZEA induces the up-regulated expression of Hsp70, it is speculated that ZEA induces stress via a disruption of serum hormones and an upregulation of growth hormone receptor expression [ 20 ]. In addition, it has been established that apoptosis induced by ZEA (60, 90, and 120 μmoL) is mediated dose dependently via a caspase-3- and caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial pathway [ 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Qingdao entry exit inspection and Quarantine Bureau was entrusted for toxin analysis. Levels of ZEA and aflatoxin (AFL) were quantified using liquid chromatography in conjunction with fluorescence detection, affinity column chromatography, and the external standard method, whereas high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with fluorescence detection, affinity column chromatography, and the external standard method were used to quantify the levels of fumonisin (FUM) and deoxynivalenol (DON) [ 19 , 20 ]. The minimum detection concentration is 1.0 μg/kg for AFL, 0.01 mg/kg for ZEA, 0.05 mg/kg for DON, and 0.1 mg/kg for FUM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Dietary Zearalenone Exposure on the Growth Performance, Small Intestine Disaccharidase, and Antioxidant Activities of Weaned Gilts

Liu

Yang

et al. 2020

Animals

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Zearalenone (ZEA) is a secondary metabolite with estrogenic effects produced by Fusarium fungi and mainly occurs as a contaminant of grains such as corn and wheat. ZEA, to which weaned gilts are extremely sensitive, is the main Fusarium toxin detected in corn–soybean meal diets. Our aim was to examine the effects of ZEA on the growth performance, intestinal disaccharidase activity, and anti-stress capacity of weaned gilts. Twenty 42-day-old healthy Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned gilts (12.84 ± 0.26 kg) were randomly divided into control and treatment (diet containing 1.04 mg/kg ZEA) groups. The experiment included a 7-day pre-trial period followed by a 35-day test period, all gilts were euthanized and small intestinal samples were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. The results revealed that inclusion of 1.04 mg/kg ZEA in the diet significantly reduced the activities of lactase, sucrase, and maltase in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of gilts. Similarly, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and activities of catalase in the jejunum and ileum were reduced (p < 0.05). Conversely, the content of malondialdehyde in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and the integrated optical density (IOD), IOD in single villi, and the mRNA and protein expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The results of immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the positive reaction of Hsp70 in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of weaned gilts was enhanced in the ZEA treatment, compared with the control. The findings of this study indicate the inclusion of ZEA (1.04 mg/kg) in the diet of gilts reduced the activity of disaccharidase enzymes and induced oxidative stress in the small intestine, thereby indicating that ZEA would have the effect of reducing nutrient absorption in these animals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Dietary Zearalenone Exposure on the Growth Performance, Small Intestine Disaccharidase, and Antioxidant Activities of Weaned Gilts

Liu

Yang

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Our previous studies showed that ZEA at dietary concentrations ranging from 1.1 to 3.2 mg/kg increased hyperplasia of submucosal smooth muscles in the uteri of gilts [ 8 ], and, at concentrations of 0.5 to 1.5 mg/kg, ZEA increased the uterine organ index and the thickness of the myometrium and endometrium [ 9 , 10 ]. However, the relationship between the uterine cells changes and uterine hypertrophy induced by ZEA has not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zearalenone exposure affects the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and related genes of porcine endometrial epithelial cells in vitro

et al. 2021

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Objective: ZEA has estrogen-like effects. Our previous study has shown that ZEA (0.5-1.5 mg/kg) could induce abnormal uterine proliferation through TGF signaling pathway. In order to further study the other regulatory networks of uterine hypertrophy caused by ZEA, the potential mechanism of ZEA on porcine endometrial epithelial cells was explored by the Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencing system in this study. Methods: The PECs were treated with ZEA at 0 (ZEA0), 5 (ZEA5), 20 (ZEA20), and 80 (ZEA80) μmol/L for 24 h. The collected cells were subjected to cell cycle, RNA-seq, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis. Results: The proportion of cells in the S and G2 phases decreased (p < 0.05), but the proportion of cells in the G1 phase increased (p < 0.05) in the ZEA80 treatment. Data analysis revealed that the expression of Wnt pathway-related genes, estrogen-related genes, and MAPK pathway-related genes increased (p < 0.05), but the expression of genetic stability genes decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing ZEA concentrations. The relative mRNA and protein expression of WNT1, β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) were increased (p < 0.05) with ZEA increasing, while the relative mRNA and protein expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) was decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, our immunofluorescence results indicate that β-catenin accumulated A c c e p t e d A r t i c l e around the nucleus from the cell membrane and cytoplasm with increasing ZEA concentrations. Conclusion: In summary, ZEA can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by up-regulating WNT1 and β-catenin expression, so as to promote the proliferation and development of porcine endometrial epithelial cells. At the same time, the up-regulation of GSK-3β and down-regulation of CCND1, as well as the mRNA expression of other pathway related genes indicated that other potential effects of ZEA on the uterine development need further study.

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“…The most common toxic effect of ZEN is related to reproductive disorders with pigs being the most affected [141]. Pigs are mostly used as the model for research since they possess similar digestive and immune system as humans [142].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Toxicity and Health Effects Of Zearalenonementioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Impact on Agriculture, Human Health, and Management Strategies of Zearalenone in Food and Feed: A Review

Mahato

Devi

Pandhi

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Mycotoxins represent an assorted range of secondary fungal metabolites that extensively occur in numerous food and feed ingredients at any stage during pre- and post-harvest conditions. Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin categorized as a xenoestrogen poses structural similarity with natural estrogens that enables its binding to the estrogen receptors leading to hormonal misbalance and numerous reproductive diseases. ZEN is mainly found in crops belonging to temperate regions, primarily in maize and other cereal crops that form an important part of various food and feed. Because of the significant adverse effects of ZEN on both human and animal, there is an alarming need for effective detection, mitigation, and management strategies to assure food and feed safety and security. The present review tends to provide an updated overview of the different sources, occurrence and biosynthetic mechanisms of ZEN in various food and feed. It also provides insight to its harmful effects on human health and agriculture along with its effective detection, management, and control strategies.

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Comparative study of stress response, growth and development of uteri in post‐weaning gilts challenged with zearalenone and estradiol benzoate

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of Dietary Zearalenone Exposure on the Growth Performance, Small Intestine Disaccharidase, and Antioxidant Activities of Weaned Gilts

Effects of Dietary Zearalenone Exposure on the Growth Performance, Small Intestine Disaccharidase, and Antioxidant Activities of Weaned Gilts

Zearalenone exposure affects the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and related genes of porcine endometrial epithelial cells in vitro

Occurrence, Impact on Agriculture, Human Health, and Management Strategies of Zearalenone in Food and Feed: A Review

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