Comparative study of lignins isolated from Alfa grass (Stipa tenacissima L.)

Nadji, Hamid; Diouf, Papa Niokhor; Benaboura, Ahmed; Bédard, Yvan; Riedl, Bernard; Stevanović, Tatjana

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.074

Cited by 139 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Nonetheless, the temperatures corresponding to the maximum rate of weight loss for LignoBoost lignin and alkali lignin appeared to be 327 and 307°C, respectively. The DTG max value of the alkali lignin is thus slightly lower than that of the LignoBoost lignin which may be attributed to different C-C linkages content of both lignins, though we found it in agreement with that value reported by Nadji et al [27]. At 600°C, the amounts of non-volatile residue were determined to be 48 and 57 % for LignoBoost and alkali lignins, respectively.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Physicochemical Characterisation of Technical Lignins for Their Potential Valorisation

Abdelaziz

Hulteberg

2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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Lignin, the second most abundant natural polymer, has emerged as a potential alternative material to petroleum-based chemicals and renewable resource for the production of diverse forms of aromatics, biofuels, and biobased materials. Thus, it is becoming important to understand its structure and properties to provide key features and insights for better/efficient lignin valorisation. In this work, the physicochemical characterisation of two types of industrial (technical) lignins, namely LignoBoost lignin and alkali-treated lignin was performed. Characterisation has been conducted using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller N 2 adsorption, particle size distribution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. It was found that the pretreatment severity considerably influenced the lignin composition and functional properties. The measured physicochemical properties helped in proposing potential valorisation routes for these lignins in the context of a biorefinery, focusing on their depolymerisation and subsequent biological conversion to value-added chemicals and fuels.

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Section: Thermal Stabilitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Physicochemical Characterisation of Technical Lignins for Their Potential Valorisation

Abdelaziz

Hulteberg

2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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“…Cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions were obtained using the classical method of a two‐step sulfur‐free soda pulping with sodium boron hydride in the first step to protect soluble hemicelluloses22 followed by further purification through selective bleaching and extraction steps to separate cellulose from hemicelluloses. Lignin was isolated from the black liquor obtained by two‐step sulfur‐free soda pulping adopted in a slightly modified form from Nadji et al 23. From the sugar composition (see the Supporting Information, Table S1) and details of extraction techniques (more details provided in Figure S1), a representation of the lignocellulosic composition of Zea Mays is proposed (Scheme 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The isolation of alkali‐solv lignin, more commonly Soda lignin, was done according to a two‐step sulfur‐free soda pulping method established by Nadji et al 23. with some modifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Insights into the Fast Pyrolysis of Extracted Cellulose, Hemicelluloses, and Lignin

Carrier

Windt²,

Ziegler³

et al. 2017

ChemSusChem

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The transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into bio‐based commodity chemicals is technically possible. Among thermochemical processes, fast pyrolysis, a relatively mature technology that has now reached a commercial level, produces a high yield of an organic‐rich liquid stream. Despite recent efforts to elucidate the degradation paths of biomass during pyrolysis, the selectivity and recovery rates of bio‐compounds remain low. In an attempt to clarify the general degradation scheme of biomass fast pyrolysis and provide a quantitative insight, the use of fast pyrolysis microreactors is combined with spectroscopic techniques (i.e., mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy) and mixtures of unlabeled and 13C‐enriched materials. The first stage of the work aimed to select the type of reactor to use to ensure control of the pyrolysis regime. A comparison of the chemical fragmentation patterns of “primary” fast pyrolysis volatiles detected by using GC‐MS between two small‐scale microreactors showed the inevitable occurrence of secondary reactions. In the second stage, liquid fractions that are also made of primary fast pyrolysis condensates were analyzed by using quantitative liquid‐state 13C NMR spectroscopy to provide a quantitative distribution of functional groups. The compilation of these results into a map that displays the distribution of functional groups according to the individual and main constituents of biomass (i.e., hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin) confirmed the origin of individual chemicals within the fast pyrolysis liquids.

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“…Figure 7 also represents the DTG curves of samples. The DTG curves show the weight loss rates, and DTG max presents the maximum degradation rate to compare the thermal stability between samples (Nadji et al 2009). In DTG curves, the DTG max are determined at about 270, 275, 320, 250 and 265°C for the unmodified xylan, XyPa17, XyPa23, XyPc25 and XyPc31, respectively, which implied that the thermal stability of xylan increased after esterification with anhydride, while decreased with acyl chloride.…”

Section: Tga/dtgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Per-O-acylation of xylan at room temperature in dimethylsulfoxide/N-methylimidazole

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2016

Cellulose

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The per-O-acylation of xylan-type hemicellulose was firstly carried out in dimethylsulfoxide/ N-methylimidazole (DMSO/NMI) at room temperature without additional catalyst. The optimum conditions for esterification of xylan was investigated in terms of the molar ratio of reagents to anhydroxylose units (AXU) in xylan and the kinds of esterification reagents to obtain a high degree of substitution (DS, 1.98) and weight percent gain (WPG, 86.88 %) of xylan esters. In this solvent system, NMI acted as a solvent, a base and an excellent catalyst, therefore, the per-O-acylation of xylan (DS of 1.98) was readily accomplished in DMSO/NMI system at room temperature. Structure elucidation of xylan esters was characterized by FT-IR and NMR ( 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and HSQC). FT-IR and NMR analyses provided the direct evidence of per-O-acylation of xylan under the given conditions. Furthermore, HSQC revealed the higher reactivity of hydroxyls at C-2 position than those at C-3 position of xylan. The solubility of xylan in DMSO, DMF and CHCl 3 improved after esterification. TGA/DTG indicated that the thermal stability of xylan increased after the esterification with anhydrides, while decreased with acyl chlorides, probably due to degradation and hydrolysis of the acylated xylan at the presence of by-product hydrochloric acid.

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Comparative study of lignins isolated from Alfa grass (Stipa tenacissima L.)

Cited by 139 publications

References 30 publications

Physicochemical Characterisation of Technical Lignins for Their Potential Valorisation

Physicochemical Characterisation of Technical Lignins for Their Potential Valorisation

Quantitative Insights into the Fast Pyrolysis of Extracted Cellulose, Hemicelluloses, and Lignin

Per-O-acylation of xylan at room temperature in dimethylsulfoxide/N-methylimidazole

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