Comparative study of flavonoids in experimental models of inflammation

Rotelli, Alejandra Ester; Guardia, Teresita; Juárez, Américo; Rocha, Nadir Ernesto de la; Pelzer, Lilian Eugenia

doi:10.1016/s1043-6618(03)00225-1

Cited by 280 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For example, Commenges et al (28) examined records from 1,367 subjects 65 years of age or older and concluded that the intake of flavonoids is inversely related to dementia. Flavonoids also reduce the incidence of cerebrovascular disease in humans (29), are protective in cardiovascular disease and cancer (30), reduce clinical symptoms in a rodent model of multiple sclerosis (31), and inhibit inflammation in an animal model of arthritis (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luteolin reduces IL-6 production in microglia by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation and activation of AP-1

Jang¹,

Kelley

Johnson

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

314

192

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Luteolin, a flavonoid found in high concentrations in celery and green pepper, has been shown to reduce production of proinflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated macrophages, fibroblasts, and intestinal epithelial cells. Because excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines by activated brain microglia can cause behavioral pathology and neurodegeneration, we sought to determine whether luteolin also regulates microglial cell production of a prototypic inflammatory cytokine, IL-6. Pretreatment of primary murine microlgia and BV-2 microglial cells with luteolin inhibited LPS-stimulated IL-6 production at both the mRNA and protein levels. To determine how luteolin inhibited IL-6 production in microglia, EMSAs were performed to establish the effects of luteolin on LPS-induced binding of transcription factors to the NF-B and activator protein-1 (AP-1) sites on the IL-6 promoter. Whereas luteolin had no effect on the LPS-induced increase in NF-B DNA binding activity, it markedly reduced AP-1 transcription factor binding activity. Consistent with this finding, luteolin did not inhibit LPS-induced degradation of I B-␣ but inhibited JNK phosphorylation. To determine whether luteolin might have similar effects in vivo, mice were provided drinking water supplemented with luteolin for 21 days and then they were injected i.p. with LPS. Luteolin consumption reduced LPS-induced IL-6 in plasma 4 h after injection. Furthermore, luteolin decreased the induction of IL-6 mRNA by LPS in hippocampus but not in the cortex or cerebellum. Taken together, these data suggest luteolin inhibits LPS-induced IL-6 production in the brain by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway and activation of AP-1 in microglia. Thus, luteolin may be useful for mitigating neuroinflammation.cytokines ͉ flavonoids ͉ MAPK ͉ brain ͉ neuroinflammation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luteolin reduces IL-6 production in microglia by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation and activation of AP-1

Jang¹,

Kelley

Johnson

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

314

192

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“…All drugs were suspended in normal saline and were administered 30 min before the carrageenan challenge. In fact, 0.3 mL of 2% carrageenan in normal saline was injected in the right hind paw of all animals under the subplantar region to produce acute inflammation (Rotelli et al 2003). The paw oedema thickness was measured before and after induction of the inflammatory response by using a digital micrometer (MT-045B; Shangai Metal Great Tools Co., Shangai, China).…”

Section: Carrageenan-induced Mice Paw Oedemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of the wild edible cruciferous:Diplotaxis simplex

Jdir

Khemakham

Najjaa

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context The present study deals with new biological properties of the wild edible Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng (Brassicaceae). Objectives The current study evaluates the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory and the anti-cancer properties of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts from D. simplex flowers. Materials and methods The anti-proliferative activity of the extracts (10-70 mg/mL) was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) against human colon cancer cell line Caco-2. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated by the inhibitory effect of the extracts (1.5-7.5 mg/mL) on phospholipase A2 activity as well as on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. Extracts (200 mg/kg) or indomethacin (50 mg/kg) as positive control were injected intraperitoneally for albino mice prior to the induction of the oedema by carrageenan. Antioxidant activities were investigated using various complementary methods.Results Flower extracts contained a high level of polyphenolics (17.10-52.70 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (74.20-100.60 mg QE/g), which correlate with its appreciable antioxidant potential in b-carotene peroxidation (IC 50 value: 12.50-27.10 mg/mL), DPPH radical-scavenging (IC 50 value: 0.20-0.40 mg/mL), Fe 3+ reducing (EC 50 value: 0.10-0.14 mg/mL) and Fe 2+ chelating (IC 50 value: 0.20-0.60 mg/mL) assays. These extracts were effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth (IC 50 value: 62.0-63.25 mg/mL). Besides, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited phospholipase A2 activity (IC 50 value: 2.97 mg/mL) and reduced the paw oedema in mice (from 0.38 ± 0.01 to 0.24 ± 0.01 cm), 4 h postcarrageenan challenge. Conclusion These data suggest that D. simplex may be useful as a candidate in the treatment of inflammation and the colon cancer.ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…This is partly due to their anti-inflammatory properties (González-Gallego et al 2010;Landberg et al 2011;Rotelli et al 2003), antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities (García-Alonso et al 2009;Gray and DeWitt 1999;Kahkonen and Heinonen 2003;Matsumoto et al 2002;Tsuda et al 1994;Wang et al 1997), peroxidation inhibition (Tsuda et al 1996), and estrogenic/anti-estrogenic activity (Cassidy et al 2003). It has been largely proven that the beneficial potential of polyphenols as part of a healthy diet cannot be only explained by their antioxidant characteristics (Virgili and Marino 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential anti-inflammatory, anti-adhesive, anti/estrogenic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of anthocyanins and their gut metabolites

et al. 2012

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Epidemiological studies have indicated a positive association between the intake of foods rich in anthocyanins and the protection against cardiovascular diseases. Some authors have shown that anthocyanins are degraded by the gut microflora giving rise to the formation of other breakdown metabolites, which could also contribute to anthocyanin health effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of anthocyanins and their breakdown metabolites, protocatechuic, syringic, gallic, and vanillic acids, on different parameters involved in atherosclerosis, including inflammation, cell adhesion, chemotaxis, endothelial function, estrogenic/anti-estrogenic activity, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. From the assayed metabolites, only protocatechuic acid exhibited a slight inhibitory effect on NO production and TNF-a secretion in LPS-INF-c-induced macrophages. Gallic acid caused a decrease in the secretion of MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in endothelial cells. All anthocyanins showed an ACE-inhibitory activity. Delphinidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, and gallic acid showed affinity for ERb and pelargonidin and peonidin-3-glucosides for ERa. The current data suggest that anthocyanins and their breakdown metabolites may partly provide a protective effect against atherosclerosis that is multi-causal and involves different biochemical pathways. However, the concentrations of anthocyanins and their metabolites, as used in the present cell culture and in vitro assays mediating anti-inflammatory, anti-adhesive, antiestrogenic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities, were often manifold higher than those physiologically achievable.

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Comparative study of flavonoids in experimental models of inflammation

Cited by 280 publications

References 14 publications

Luteolin reduces IL-6 production in microglia by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation and activation of AP-1

Luteolin reduces IL-6 production in microglia by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation and activation of AP-1

Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of the wild edible cruciferous:Diplotaxis simplex

Potential anti-inflammatory, anti-adhesive, anti/estrogenic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of anthocyanins and their gut metabolites

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