Comparative Study of Cold Electron Emission from 2D Ti₃C₂T_X MXene Nanosheets with Respect to Its Precursor Ti₃SiC₂ MAX Phase

Abstract

2-D Ti3C2TX MXene nanosheets are obtained by etching Ti3SiC2 MAX phase that is synthesized by heating the elemental Ti, Si, and C mixture at high temperature. The electron emission behavior of both Ti3C2TX MXene and Ti3SiC2 MAX phase is studied. MXene exhibits excellent field emission characteristics with a turn-on field of 4.7 V μm–1, and that for the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase is 6.5 V μm–1. The turn-on electric field corresponding to an emission current density of 10 μA cm–2 is 5.0 V μm–1 for Ti3C2TX MXene and 7.5 V μm–1 for the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase. The calculated enhancement factor of MXene nanosheets is ∼4280, which is one of the highest reported enhancement factors to date. In order to get theoretical insight into the field emission properties for Ti3C2 and OH-terminated Ti3C2 MXene in comparison to the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase, we have presented the structure and electronic properties from state of the art density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The interaction of – OH with Ti3C2 involves charge transfer from the “Ti” 3d orbital to −OH. The computed work function follows the trend Ti3SiC2 > Ti3C2 > Ti3C2/OH, which supports the maximum field emission in −OH-terminated Ti3C2 MXene and the minimum field emission in the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase.

Self-Repairing and Energy-Harvesting Triboelectric Sensor for Tracking Limb Motion and Identifying Breathing Patterns

“…The presence of hydroxyl groups is confirmed by the sharp and broad absorption peaks at 3441 and 1637 cm –1 , which are attributed to the strong hydrogen-bonded −OH bond. This FT-IR spectrum is highly similar to previously reported spectra for Ti 3 C 2 -based MXene. , Figure c exhibits the comprehensive and focused XPS spectra of the pure PBU fibrous surface. Peak values observed at binding energies of 682.57, 529.17, 459.25, and 285.19 eV are assigned to N 1s (amine groups), O 1s, and C 1s (carbamate groups).…”

“…This FT-IR spectrum is highly similar to previously reported spectra for Ti 3 C 2 -based MXene. 48,49 Figure 3c exhibits the comprehensive and focused XPS spectra of the pure PBU The urethane bond within this polymer is identified by the C� O stretch at 1707 cm −1 . 50,51 All of these results strongly suggest that the PBU microfiber is highly suitable as a tribopositive layer for TENG applications.…”

Highly Permeable Sulfonated Polydopamine Integrated MXene Membranes for Efficient Surfactant-Stabilized Oil-in-Water Separation

“…Furthermore, the FTIR analysis revealed distinct features in the spectra of PDMX-CM and SPDMX-CM compared to MX-CM. The bending vibration of the C–OH and O–H bonds exhibited absorption peaks at 1624 and 1384 cm –1 , respectively . An absorption band at 615 cm –1 suggested the deformation vibration of the Ti–O bond .…”

Electric‐field assisted ultrafast synthesis of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase

“…The resultant suspension was washed with DI water for several times via centrifugation to obtain a stable, dark colloidal solution as the supernatant. The supernatant was vacuum filtered using a cellulose membrane (Pore size‐0.22 μm, Filter type‐GV, Millipore) and was vacuum dried at 80°C to get single or few layered Ti 3 C 2 T X MXene powder as the final product 50 …”

“…The supernatant was vacuum filtered using a cellulose membrane (Pore size-0.22 μm, Filter type-GV, Millipore) and was vacuum dried at 80 • C to get single or few layered Ti 3 C 2 T X MXene powder as the final product. 50…”