Comparative study for the separation of aquatic humic substances by electrophoresis

Comparative study for separation of aquatic humic substances by capillary zone electrophoresis using uncoated, polymer coated and gel-filled capillaries

“…Dunkel et al [17] have also reported a similar finding that PAA gel provides a sieving medium for CGE which should cause a separation of humic solutes according to the molecular mass, with the low-molecular-mass fractions first. These outcomes speak for the fact that a certain analogue exists between protein chemistry and natural humic solutes under given CGE conditions, thus permitting a coarse evaluation of molecular mass distribution of HM mixtures.…”

“…The molecular sieving effect, especially the utilization of non-cross-linked polymer solutions, has been introduced into capillaries by means of different kinds of polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylamide (PAA), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and even cyclodextrin-or oligosaccharide-derivatives [15][16][17][18]. The use of these, so-called physical gels (or entangled polymer solutions, adaptation of capillary gel electrophoresis, CGE) has gained increasing attention also in the humus chemistry.…”

Characterization of dissolved organic carbon at low levels in environmental waters by microfluidic-chip-based capillary gel electrophoresis with a laser-induced fluorescence detector

“…Capillary-electrophoresis (CE)-based separation methods (Dunkelog et al 1997;Wakida et al 1997;Schmitt-Kopplin et al 1999) have attracted much attention due to the speed, higher efficiency, and resolution for separation, and the need for a smaller injection volume. And microchip-based CE (Kutter 2000;Wakida et al 2001) has recently attracted significant attention because of its many advantages: high-throughput screening, downsizing of the analytical system, reduction of chemicals, etc.…”

Characterisation of structure and aggregation processes of aquatic humic substances using small-angle scattering and X-ray microscopy

“…Several methods have been used for the analysis of molecular size and weight of aquatic HS [1,18], such as size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) [2,19,20,21], ultrafiltration [22,23,24], ultracentrifugation [25,26], electrophoresis [27] and light scattering [28,29]. Molecular weight values and sizes of HS reported in literature vary strongly with the method used and various structural models have been developed [1,4,30,31,32].…”