Comparative studies on the effects of seawater acidification caused by CO2 and HCl enrichment on physiological changes in Mytilus edulis

Seawater acidification induced immune function changes of haemocytes in Mytilus edulis: a comparative study of CO2 and HCl enrichment

“…We found an increase in the ROS level and an alteration of the main components of the antioxidant system with acidification exposure, and the relationship between them was also quantitatively analysed. Four antioxidant system components (GSH, GST, GR, and GPx) were combined into one integrated biomarker response (IBR) index 10 , and we found a positive relationship between IBR and ROS production, which meant that the antioxidant system responded actively to the acidification ( Fig. 4 ).…”

“… 9 posited that massive die-offs in the wild oyster populations and hatcheries along the US west coast are due to the upwelling of acidic waters, which is exacerbated by ongoing ocean acidification 9 . Our previous study also showed that seawater acidification had a negative impact on the physiological processes of Mytilus edulis , inhibited their metabolic activities and carbon sink ability, and significantly increased their mortality level 10 .…”

Are global warming and ocean acidification conspiring against marine ectotherms? A meta-analysis of the respiratory effects of elevated temperature, high CO2and their interaction

“…In adult blue mussels, Zittier et al . (2015) and Sun et al . (2016) found no effect of elevated CO 2 at 15°C, whereas Thomsen and Melzner (2010) found an increase in at 8°C.…”

“…Secondly, it could be expected that higher CO 2 levels led to larger increases in , because the loading stress would be higher. Curiously, of the few studies that used a high CO 2 level (5000–33 000 µatm), most found no change in ( Deigweiher et al ., 2008 ; Melzner et al , 2009 ; Dissanayake and Ishimatsu, 2011 ; Hammer et al ., 2011 ; Tirsgaard et al , 2015b ), whereas others found a decrease ( Christensen and Colacino, 2000 ; Small et al ., 2010 ; Mingliang et al ., 2011 ; Hu et al ., 2014 ; Sun et al ., 2016 ). Other than that, most of the recent studies have been concerned with climate change, and a relatively narrow range of CO 2 levels have been used, around 800–1200 µatm, because this is the current RCP8.5 predicted level for the year 2100 ( Meinshausen, et al , 2011 ; Doney, et al , 2012 ).…”

Alteration of Feeding and Filtering Rates of Two Species of Marine Copepods Exposed to Different pH Levels

“…This ongoing process has been proved to exerted negative impacts on different marine biota, and has been mostly devoted to organisms that depend on the availability of carbonate ions in seawater such as bivalves. Despite a growing number of studies published on the negative impacts induced by seawater acidification on key physiological processes including growth and reproduction, metabolism, immune function and calcification on bivalves (Sun et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2016), less information available regarding interference in marine zooplankton exposed to such scenarios because most of them are non-calcifying organisms. Marine copepods are important zooplanktonic biota.…”