Comparative Studies of Liquefaction Natural Gas (LNG) & its Demand

Abstract

Natural gas has been formed by the degradation of organic matter accumulated in the past millions of years. Two main mechanisms (biogenic and thermogenic) are responsible for this degradation. Natural gas is a complex mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon constituents and exists as a gas under atmospheric conditions. The objective of gas processing is to separate: Natural gas, Condensate, Non-condensable, Acid gases, Water. The raw gas is first treated to remove typical contaminants. Next, the treated gas is chilled, cooled and condensed to-162°C in succession using propane, ethylene and methane. Last stage is pumping LNG to storage tanks and awaiting shipment. Liquefied natural gas is used to transport natural gas over long distances, often by sea. In most cases, LNG terminals are purpose built ports used exclusively to export or import LNG. Natural gas consists almost entirely of methane (CH 4), the simplest hydrocarbon compound. India is the 14 th largest gas consumer 58 bcm (~158 mmscmd), 4th largest LNG importer 31 bcm (~82 mmscmd), Economy growing at CAGR of about 6-7% with similar growth in Energy Consumption. Government aims to significantly increase share of Natural Gas in Indian Energy basket to in coming years. Despite increase in domestic gas production dependency on imported gas to increase substantially. Pipeline network developing into a national grid needs to grow faster, connecting new markets. ExxonMobil's history in China dates back to 1892. This paper provides the present demand of LGN in India and also predicts future requirements, to help India's economic and social growth.