Comparative stigma of HIV/AIDS, SARS, and Tuberculosis in Hong Kong

Mak, Winnie W. S.; Mo, Phoenix K. H.; Cheung, Rebecca; Woo, Jean; Cheung, Fanny M.; Lee, Dominic

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.04.016

Cited by 165 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As in the evolutionary accounts described above, those thought to be at risk from infectious diseases might be stigmatised and seen as 'moral outcasts' (Mak et al, 2006), allowing individuals to 'cope' by defensively distancing themselves from those they feel pose a threat (Joffe & Haarhoff, 2002;Washer, 2004). During the SARS outbreak, for example, particular groups were deemed as risky (e.g.…”

Section: Social Representations Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Governmental warnings about the emergence of a pandemic often serve only to raise anxiety levels (Fielding et al, 2005) and can rapidly contribute to a state of panic, such as the 'SARS phobia' that followed the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Asia in 2003 (Cheng, 2004). Faced with an apparently uncontrollable threat, individuals often turn to emotion-focused strategies to cope (Mak, Ho, Cheung, Woo, Cheung, & Lee, 2006). In this paper, we analyse data from a study conducted in Malaysia, focussing on pig farmers, a group at the centre of much public attention during the swine flu crisis (The Guardian, May 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Representations of swine flu: perspectives from a Malaysian pig farm

Haque¹,

Hassan²,

Dhanoa³

2011

Public Underst Sci

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Novel influenza viruses are seen, internationally, as posing considerable health challenges, but public responses to such viruses are often rooted in cultural representations of disease and risk. However, little research has been conducted in locations associated with the origin of a pandemic. We examined representations and risk perceptions associated with swine flu amongst 120 Malaysian pig farmers. Thirty-seven percent of respondents felt at particular risk of infection, two-thirds were somewhat or very concerned about being infected. Those respondents who were the most anxious believed particular societal 'out-groups' (homosexuals, homeless and prostitutes) to be at higher infection risk. Although few (4%) reported direct discrimination, 46% claimed friends had avoided them since the swine flu outbreak. Findings are discussed in the context of evolutionary, social representations and terror management theories of response to pandemic threat.

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Section: Social Representations Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representations of swine flu: perspectives from a Malaysian pig farm

Haque¹,

Hassan²,

Dhanoa³

2011

Public Underst Sci

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“…are known to be shown to the patients with tuberculosis [5]. Many studies have reported that the most stigmatized patients after HIV-AIDS are tuberculosis patients, and a large proportion of patients with tuberculosis conceal their illnesses with the thought of being excluded by society [15][16]. For this reason, it is becoming difficult for patients to adapt to social life and patients are removing themselves from society.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting psychosocial adjustments to illness of active tuberculosis patients

Göçer¹,

Günay²,

Ulutabanca³

et al. 2017

Med-Science

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Tuberculosis is still a major public health problem all over the world. Psychosocial adjustment to illness of tuberculosis patients is important for successful treatment. This study was conducted to determine factors affecting psychosocial adjustment to illness of active tuberculosis patients. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed on 48 active tuberculosis cases in Kayseri Province. A sociodemographic questionnaire and Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-Report (PAIS-SR) were used for data collection. Pearson's chi square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test were used for statistical analyses. It was determined that, 56.5% of the patients were female, 69.6% married, 41.3% primary school graduates, and 21.7% current smokers. Mean age was 46.0±16.2 years, and mean duration of disease was 3.6±2.2 months. Mean of total PAIS-SR scores was 62.5±23.6 and psychosocial adjustment for 73.9% of the patients was evaluated as poor. The most negatively affected domains were domestic environment and social environment. Psychosocial adjustment to illness of tuberculosis patients is poor in general and the patients who are female, low educated, housewife and unemployed have higher risk for poor adjustment to illness. Tuberculosis patients should be supported psychosocially to improve their psychosocial adjustments to illness.

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“…Çin'de yapılan bir çalışmada, HIV-pozitif ve cinsel yolla bulaşan infeksiyonu olan bireylerin büyük bir çoğunluğunun toplum tarafından damgalanma korkusu nedeniyle tedavilerini erteledikleri saptanmıştır (19). Hong Kong'ta 3011 kişi üzerinde yapılan bir çalışmada, katılımcıların en fazla damgalayıcı olarak belirttiği hastalık HIV/AIDS olurken; bunu sırasıy-la tüberküloz ve ağır akut solunum yolu sendromu (SARS) izlemiştir (20). Stigmanın etkileri açısından kanser ve HIV/AIDS olguları karşılaştırıldığında, HIV/AIDS olgularının daha fazla stigmaya maruz kaldıkları bildirilmiştir (21).…”

Section: İrdelemeunclassified