Comparative proteomic analysis of saliva from dogs with and without obesity-related metabolic dysfuntion

Abstract

Dogs develop only some of the components of the human metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, in order to study possible MetS-related alterations in dogs, human MetS criteria were adapted to define canine MetS or so-called obesity-related metabolic dysfunction (ORMD). The main objective of this study was to identify changes in the salivary proteome of obese dogs with ORMD in comparison with obese dogs without ORMD which may constitute potential salivary biomarkers for assessing ORMD. In a first phase, 12 adult obese dogs with ORMD (N = 6) and without ORMD (N = 6) were included in the study. Subsequently, and with the aim of validating and strengthening the results, additional 12 obese dogs (6 with and 6 without ORMD) were tested in an independent experiment following the same protocol. Saliva samples were subjected to a quantitative proteomics analysis and the levels of nine salivary proteins were found to be significantly different between groups, among them those which had greatest fold-change were proteins involved in glycolysis and oxidative stress. In conclusion, despite metabolic syndrome to include different combinations of diseases, the observation of differences in salivary proteome suggests a potential of this fluid to understand the pathophysiology of the disease. Significance: This is the first study evaluating proteomes of saliva in dogs, as a non invasive sample, in order to increase knowledge about the metabolic/physiopathological changes related to obesity-related metabolic dysfunction (ORMD) together with the identification of potential biomarkers for its diagnosis. As approximately 20% of dogs with naturally occurring obesity were described to suffer ORMD associated with insulin resistance and hypoadiponectinemia, the fact that indicate possible links between ORMD and associated diseases.

Overweight in Swedish show dogs–prevalence and association with performance in competition

“…Excess canine adiposity leads to a shorter life span [7][8][9] and is linked to a number of different comorbidities, such as respiratory dysfunction [10][11][12], orthopaedic disease [8,13] and metabolic dysfunction [14][15][16]. In addition, breed-specific health problems can be exacerbated when dogs are overweight or obese.…”

Label-free quantification LC-mass spectrometry proteomic analysis of blood plasma in healthy dogs

“…Some studies on patients with leishmaniosis and babesiosis found a significant downregulation of Apolipoprotein A, which may reduce the individual's capacity to respond to oxidative damage. Beyond the field of infectious diseases, proteomic analysis has provided new insights in veterinary nephrology, revealing that an increase in proteins like retinol-binding protein predicts kidney damage before azotemia develops (Nabity et al, 2011;Chacar et al, 2017;Ferlizza et al, 2020), and in veterinary endocrinology, uncovering the role of Apolipoprotein I in canine obesity (Tvarijonaviciute et al, 2012;Lucena et al, 2019). According to the literature, the most commonly analyzed samples in veterinary medicine are serum and saliva (González-Arostegui et al, 2022).…”

Evaluation of the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in obese dogs and the role of caloric restriction diet as an adjuvant therapy

“…In humans, insulin resistance is considered the primary cause of metabolic syndrome, which in turn is correlated with abdominal obesity (TVARIJONAVICIUTE et al, 2019). Insulin resistance is characterized by decreased ability to metabolize blood glucose (LUCENA et al, 2019). Rahmouni et al (2005) also state that insulin resistance has been shown to be a key factor for the development of the components of the syndrome.…”

“…In any case, obesity is considered the main triggering factor of this dysfunction (TVARIJONAVICIUTE et al, 2016;PIANTEDOSI et al, 2020). Currently, four parameters that occur in dogs are considered: systemic arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and obesity (LUCENA et al, 2019).…”