Comparative performance study of electric vehicle batteries repurposed for electricity grid energy arbitrage

White, Chris; Thompson, B. D.; Swan, Lukas G.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116637

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…C-rate is defined as the battery current over its rated capacity, as defined in (3). Coulombic efficiency is defined as (4) while energy efficiency is obtained means of (5). SOH is the main indicator of the aging of a LIB, and depicts the capacity loss, as calculated in ( 6)…”

Section: A Second-life Battery Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of second-life battery packs for self-consumption applications: analysis of a real experience

Soto

Berrueta

Zorrilla

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2021 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

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This contribution presents a methodology for the integration of Li-ion batteries discarded from electric vehicle into a collective self-consumption installation, showing the technical feasibility of such battery second use. In this regard, the state of charge (SOC) estimation is a relevant issue for the energy management of the second-life battery. Therefore, a SOC estimator is proposed in this contribution and tested in field. Moreover, the revealed costs analysis allows an economic comparison between the integration of a discarded battery pack in a second-life application or a remanufacture of these packs, thereby selecting the most suitable cells to build second-life batteries. This is a crucial issue for companies focused on the development of second-life batteries. The results obtained after testing the second-life battery pack in a real installation make it possible to extol the benefits of including this type of batteries in a self-consumption system, reaching a self-consumption ratio of 69 % and reducing by 36 % the maximum power peak demanded from the grid.

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Section: A Second-life Battery Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LIBs are discarded from the EVs when they do not comply with the exigent requirements of the automotive sector, typically when the state of health (SOH) reaches a threshold close to 70 %. However, they can be granted with a second-life for stationary applications [4], [5], encouraging the circular economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of second-life battery packs for self-consumption applications: analysis of a real experience

Soto

Berrueta

Zorrilla

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2021 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of electric vehicles is a special kind of battery operation within the grid, and Broneske et al [30] and Kahlen et al [31] consider optimal contracting and vehicle-to-grid operations. White et al investigate electricity grid arbitrage using seven re-purposed EV batteries [32], showing the extended value of EV batteries in energy storage applications. Beyond electricity Wu et al [33] contrast the daily cycles for electricity with the annual cycles for natural gas storage.…”

Section: Background Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Daily Trading of Battery Operations Using Arbitrage Spreads

Abramova

Bunn

2021

Energies

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An important revenue stream for electric battery operators is often arbitraging the hourly price spreads in the day-ahead auction. The optimal approach to this is challenging if risk is a consideration as this requires the estimation of density functions. Since the hourly prices are not normal and not independent, creating spread densities from the difference of separately estimated price densities is generally intractable. Thus, forecasts of all intraday hourly spreads were directly specified as an upper triangular matrix containing densities. The model was a flexible four-parameter distribution used to produce dynamic parameter estimates conditional upon exogenous factors, most importantly wind, solar and the day-ahead demand forecasts. These forecasts supported the optimal daily scheduling of a storage facility, operating on single and multiple cycles per day. The optimization is innovative in its use of spread trades rather than hourly prices, which this paper argues, is more attractive in reducing risk. In contrast to the conventional approach of trading the daily peak and trough, multiple trades are found to be profitable and opportunistic depending upon the weather forecasts.

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“…Moreover, there is no ideal solution for the recycling of Li-ion batteries, and premature failures will lead to a large number of second-hand Li-ion batteries that cannot be properly handled. Generally, when the capacity drops to more than 80% of the initial value, the battery has reached the end of its service life (Liu et al, 2020a;White et al, 2021). The remaining useful lifetime (RUL) is defined as the time at which equipment performance first or first arrival time drops to the failure threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Online Battery Remaining Useful Lifetime Prediction Methods

et al. 2021

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Lithium-ion batteries play an important role in our daily lives. The prediction of the remaining service life of lithium-ion batteries has become an important issue. This article reviews the methods for predicting the remaining service life of lithium-ion batteries from three aspects: machine learning, adaptive filtering, and random processes. The purpose of this study is to review, classify and compare different methods proposed in the literature to predict the remaining service life of lithium-ion batteries. This article first summarizes and classifies various methods for predicting the remaining service life of lithium-ion batteries that have been proposed in recent years. On this basis, by selecting specific criteria to evaluate and compare the accuracy of different models, find the most suitable method. Finally, summarize the development of various methods. According to the research in this article, the average accuracy of machine learning is 32.02% higher than the average of the other two methods, and the prediction cycle is 9.87% shorter than the average of the other two methods.

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Comparative performance study of electric vehicle batteries repurposed for electricity grid energy arbitrage

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Integration of second-life battery packs for self-consumption applications: analysis of a real experience

Integration of second-life battery packs for self-consumption applications: analysis of a real experience

Optimal Daily Trading of Battery Operations Using Arbitrage Spreads

A Critical Review of Online Battery Remaining Useful Lifetime Prediction Methods

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