Comparative Morphology of Pancreatic Islets in Animals

Falkmer, Sture

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0348-1_2

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In the larval lamprey, cell masses containing insulin and deserving the term "islets" occur in the submucosa of the anterior intestine near the opening of the bile duct. These islets are regarded as precursors of the pancreatic islets, which are associated with the exocrine tissue and first appear in vertebrates higher than chondrichthyes (FALKMER and OSTBERG, 1977 ;FUJITA et al, 1980). After the metamorphosis of the lamprey the islet cells proliferate into an islet larger in size and better vascularized; they form distinct cell cords (TITLBACH and KERN, 1969 ;BARRINGTON, 1972;HARDISTY and BAKER, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical studies on the islet and the gut of the arctic lamprey, Lampetra japonica.

Yui

Nagata

Fujita

1988

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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The endocrine cells and nerves in the islet and the gut of the arctic lamprey Lampetra japonica were examined immunocytochemically by using antisera against brain-gut peptides and amine. The cellular composition of the islets as reported by previous researchers in European species of the lamprey was confirmed in the present study. The islet consisted exclusively of insulin immunoreactive cells in the larvae (ammocoetes), whereas in the adult somatostatin immunoreactive cells were added to the insulin immunoreactive cells; the gut epithelium in the adult was now devoid of somatostatin cells. In the gut of the lamprey, the endocrine cells--which were flask-shaped with a cytoplasmic process extended to the lumen--were classified into three types in the larvae, but were represented by a single type in the adult. In the larval lamprey, the first type was immunoreactive for somatostatin, the second one for gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK) and the third cell type was immunoreactive for glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and FMRFamide, simultaneously. In the gut of the adult lamprey, the single type of endocrine cell reacted simultaneously to C-terminal specific anti-glucagon serum, N-terminal specific anti-glucagon serum, anti-bovine PP serum, anti-neuropeptide Y serum and anti-FMRFamide serum. These cells occurred most frequently in the upper intestine, their distribution decreasing from the middle to the lower intestine. Two types of peptide containing nerves were identified in the islet and the gut of the larval and adult lamprey. The first type of neurons (perikarya and fibers) was immunoreactive for serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and was located in the mucous and muscular layer of the intestine and in the islet. The second type of neurons contained both serotonin- and gastrin releasing peptide (GRP)-like immunoreactivities and was scattered exclusively in the muscular layer of the gut. In larval and adult lampreys, a few serotonin/CGRP immunoreactive nerve cell bodies and beaded fibers were found in the connective tissue around the islet cell cords. These nerve fibers were sometimes closely apposed to the blood capillaries and to the islet cells. These findings indicate that a neuroendocrine correlation comparable with that in mammals may have been established in the islet of this most primitive vertebrate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical studies on the islet and the gut of the arctic lamprey, Lampetra japonica.

Yui

Nagata

Fujita

1988

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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“…The pancreatic islet consists of a central core of insulin-producing β-cells, surrounded by, in fish as in mammals, glucagon-secreting β-cells, somatostatin producing β-cells, and ghrelin-producing ε-cells. Whether pancreatic polypeptide producing PP-cells also make up part of the zebrafish islet remains unclear, although PP cells have been described in a number of teleosts(5). During zebrafish embryonic development a single primary islet forms initially, with α-, β- and δ-cell types already present (as assessed by hormone gene expression) within the first day of development(6,7).…”

Section: Pancreas Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

On the diabetic menu: Zebrafish as a model for pancreas development and function

2009

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Summary Development of the vertebrate pancreas is a complex stepwise process comprising regionalization, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis. Studies in zebrafish are contributing to an emerging picture of pancreas development in which extrinsic signaling molecules influence intrinsic transcriptional programs to allow ultimate differentiation of specific pancreatic cell types. Zebrafish experiments have revealed roles for several signaling molecules in aspects of this process; for example our own work has shown that Retinoic Acid signals specify the pre-pancreatic endoderm. Time-lapse imaging of live zebrafish embryos has started to provide detailed information about early pancreas morphogenesis. In addition to modeling embryonic development, the zebrafish has recently begun to be used as a model for pancreas regeneration studies. Here we review the significant progress in these areas and consider the future potential of zebrafish as a diabetes research model.

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“…During the 1980s, comparative morphological and immunohistochemical studies allowed a detailed reconstruction of pancreas evolution (reviewed in Van Noorden and Falkmer, 1980; Falkmer, 1985, 1993; see also Slack, 1995). As a secretory organ serving exocrine and endocrine functions, the pancreas is specific to the vertebrates.…”

Section: The Evolution Of the Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Evolution of pancreatic islets (after Falkmer, 1985) ( A ) In amphioxus (protochordate), four types of endocrine cells are scattered in the gut mucosa without any aggregations. ( B ) In Atlantic hagfish, insulin‐producing cells (99$) and somatostatin‐producing cells (1$) aggregate and bud out from the bile duct to form the first islet‐like structure in evolution.…”

Section: The Evolution Of the Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgotten and novel aspects in pancreas development

Pieler

Chen

2006

Biology of the Cell

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Diseases related to the pancreas are of highest importance in public health. It is anticipated that a detailed understanding of the molecular events that govern the embryonic development of this organ will have an immediate impact on clinical research relating to this issue. One major aim is the reconstruction of embryonic development in vitro with appropriate precursor cells, a second strategy is aimed at understanding the transdifferentiation of non-pancreatic into pancreatic tissue, and a third avenue is defined by the stimulation of the intrinsic ability of the pancreas to regenerate. Recent progress in developmental biology with respect to these different topics is reviewed in the present article. In addition, we also address evolutionary aspects of pancreas development, emphasizing the role of the South African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, as an additional useful model system to study the molecular control of pancreas development.

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Comparative Morphology of Pancreatic Islets in Animals

Cited by 31 publications

References 71 publications

Immunocytochemical studies on the islet and the gut of the arctic lamprey, Lampetra japonica.

Immunocytochemical studies on the islet and the gut of the arctic lamprey, Lampetra japonica.

On the diabetic menu: Zebrafish as a model for pancreas development and function

Forgotten and novel aspects in pancreas development

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