Comparative Morphology of Cattleya and Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae) Seedlings

Nishimura, Goro

doi:10.1086/337235

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The absence of a cotyledon is a common characteristic of orchid species. Not more than 10 species have been reported to have a small protrusion that appears to be a rudimentary cotyledon (see Nishimura 1991 ). In a majority of cases, the protrusions fail to develop further in a protocorm and appear to have no contribution to protocorm development (Nishimura 1991 ).…”

Section: Embryo Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on orchid seed and protocorm development

Yeung

2017

Bot Stud

130

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This perspective draws attention to the functional organization of orchid seed and protocorm during the course of development. The orchid embryos have a well-organized developmental plan generating a blue-print of a protocorm as they mature. The different phases of embryo development in orchids, i.e. histodifferentiation, storage product synthesis and accumulation, and maturation are essentially similar to other flowering plants. The protocorm is considered as a unique structure designed to establish symbiotic association with mycorrhizal fungi and with the primary goal to form a shoot apical meristem. This perspective brings forth arguments that the processes of embryo and protocorm development are highly programmed events, enhancing survival of orchid seeds and plantlets in their natural habitats. Furthermore, the ability of protocorm cells to divide, makes them ideal explants for micropropagation and transformation studies. Through seed germination and micropropagation using protocorms as explants, orchid conservation efforts are greatly enhanced.

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Section: Embryo Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on orchid seed and protocorm development

Yeung

2017

Bot Stud

130

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“…Assim como H. tenebrosa, a maioria das espécies de orquídeas apresenta aparecimento de raízes posteriormente ao surgimento das folhas. Além disso, em protocormos de várias espécies de orquídeas a primeira raiz forma-se adjacente ao meristema caulinar (Nishimura 1981).…”

Section: Meios De Culturaunclassified

Estudo da germinação e crescimento in vitro de Hadrolaelia tenebrosa (Rolfe) Chiron & V.P. Castro (Orchidaceae), uma espécie da flora brasileira ameaçada de extinção

Suzuki

Moreira

Nakabashi

et al. 2009

Hoehnea

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-(In vitro germination and growth of Hadrolaelia tenebrosa (Rolfe) Chiron & V.P. Castro (Orchidaceae), an endangered species of the Brazilian flora). Orchids are seriously endangered species. For that reason, studies regarding their propagation and development are extremely important. Thus, the present study analyzed the influence of the culture medium on the in vitro germination of Hadrolaelia tenebrosa seeds, on the initial development of protocorms until they form seedlings and on seedling growth during the first twelve months in vitro. The results revealed that the ideal methodology for the in vitro culture of Hadrolaelia tenebrosa involves the use the Knudson's C medium for seed germination and seedling initial growth, and the subsequent transfer of six-month-old plants to VW medium where they should remain until acclimatization is carried out. The obtained data showed that the most efficient culture medium for seed germination of that species was not the most adequate for the development of their seedlings. Therefore, the outcomes of such studies are very important for the optimization of propagation techniques for orchid species. Key words: asymbiotic germination, in vitro culture, media culture, orchid RESUMO -(Estudo da germinação e crescimento in vitro de Hadrolaelia tenebrosa (Rolfe) Chiron & V.P. Castro (Orchidaceae), uma espécie da flora brasileira ameaçada de extinção). As orquídeas são espécies seriamente ameaçadas de extinção. Por isso, estudos sobre a propagação e desenvolvimento dessas plantas são extremamente importantes. Assim, este trabalho procurou estudar a influência do meio de cultura na germinação in vitro de sementes de Hadrolaelia tenebrosa, no desenvolvimento inicial dos protocormos até a formação das plântulas, bem como no crescimento dessas durante o primeiro ano de cultivo in vitro. Os resultados demonstraram que o método ideal para a multiplicação de Hadrolaelia tenebrosa é a utilização do meio Knudson C para a germinação das sementes. Após seis meses as plântulas devem ser transferidas para o meio VW e nele mantidas até o início da aclimatização. Ressalta-se o fato de que para essa espécie o meio de cultura mais eficaz para a germinação, não foi o mais adequado para o desenvolvimento das plantas. Estas informações são de grande importância para a otimização do processo de propagação de espécies de orquídeas. Palavras-chave: cultivo in vitro, germinação assimbiótica, meios de cultura, orquídea 1.

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“…Orchid seeds germinate and form small spherical tuber-like bodies referred to as protocorms. Unlike the vast majority of plants, whose growth axes (shoot and root meristems) are established early during embryo development, the protocorm has only one meristematic domain at the anterior end where new leaves and roots are formed sequentially (Nishimura, 1981). Because protocorm development initiates organogenesis that is absent during the morphogenesis program of orchid embryogenesis, protocorm development is sometimes considered to be a continuum of zygotic embryogenesis (Jones and Tisserat, 1990;Ishii et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%