Comparative matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression and activity during endotheliochorial and hemochorial trophoblastic invasiveness

Hyperin promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells via activation of JAK1/STAT3 pathway in recurrent spontaneous abortions

“…Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a crucial role in the invasion of uterine decidua by trophoblasts [ 16 ], especially MMP2 and MMP9, which are closely related to pregnancy and abortion [ 17 ]. In addition, the nuclear-associated antigen Ki67 (Ki67), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and microchromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) are molecular markers of cell proliferation.…”

Neutrophil depletion in the pre-implantation phase impairs pregnancy index, placenta and fetus development

“…By being expressed on endothelial cells, PECAM-1 is highly involved in the angiogenesis process and its up-regulation on the placenta is expected, as novel vessels are required to irrigate the growing fetus. Several pieces of evidence support the role of PECAM-1 on pregnancy failures, as in preeclampsia, cytotrophoblasts fail to express PECAM-1 ( 54 , 61 ). Mothers down expressing PECAM-1 suffer recurrent implantation failures, in a mechanism depending on the secretion of transforming growth factor β1 induced by PECAM-1 ( 62 ), and the impairment of PECAM-1 expression on blastocyst has been pointed out as an emerging marker to successfully assisted transfer embryo ( 63 ).…”

“…The VEGF expression in the placenta microenvironment has been associated with the modulation of the TGC development and differentiation, and consequent maintenance of the homeostasis of the maternal vascular space in the mouse placenta ( 50 ). Additionally, placental VEGF has related to the modulation of metalloproteinase 2 and 9, which play a role in the endometrial tissue remodeling at implantation ( 51 ), decidualization ( 52 ), and trophoblast invasiveness ( 53 , 54 ). The imbalance in the VEGF expression is associated with the abnormal placenta and its pathologies such as pre-eclampsia ( 55 ).…”

The Effect of Two Different Botulinum Neurotoxin A On The Cortical Neuron Cells In Terms of Apoptosis and MMP 2, MMP 7, and MMP9 Localizations

“…Disorders occurring in this mechanism can cause uncontrolled processes and serious damage [11]. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are structures containing the zinc-dependent family of endopeptidases [12], which can break down the components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs normally play a role in the development of the nervous system, wound healing, and regulation of neuron or glial cell functions, or increasing their expression in cells during abnormal processes such as cancer.…”

“…MMPs normally play a role in the development of the nervous system, wound healing, and regulation of neuron or glial cell functions, or increasing their expression in cells during abnormal processes such as cancer. There are currently 24 different MMPs, and it has been reported that MMP2 and MMP9 are especially expressed from the neuron and glial cells of the brain, cerebellum, and hippocampus and their expression increases significantly in cases such as ischemia [12]. The balance of ECM components in cultured human adult neuron cells allows synapses of the neurons' extensions to occur regularly.…”