Comparative mapping of the wheat chromosome 5A Vrn-A1 region with rice and its relationship to QTL for flowering time

Sarma, R. N.; Gill, B. S.; Sasaki, Tomoko; Galiba, Gábor; Sutka, J.; Laurie, D. A.; Snape, J. W.

doi:10.1007/s001220050872

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Short-day flowering wild grasses were transformed into domesticates in which flowering time was unaffected by day length (13). HD͞flowering time is an important criterion for regional adaptation and yield in all cereals (28). In our study, the wild parent, T. dicoccoides H52, was sensitive to day length and HD, flowering later than the cultivar Ldn.…”

Section: Domestication Qtls In Wild Emmer: Comparison With Other Cerementioning

confidence: 63%

Domestication quantitative trait loci in Triticum dicoccoides , the progenitor of wheat

Peng

Ronin

Fahima

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

308

221

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Wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides, is the progenitor of modern tetraploid and hexaploid cultivated wheats. Our objective was to map domestication-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) in T. dicoccoides. The studied traits include brittle rachis, heading date, plant height, grain size, yield, and yield components. Our mapping population was derived from a cross between T. dicoccoides and Triticum durum. Approximately 70 domestication QTL effects were detected, nonrandomly distributed among and along chromosomes. Seven domestication syndrome factors were proposed, each affecting 5-11 traits. We showed: (i) clustering and strong effects of some QTLs; (ii) remarkable genomic association of strong domestication-related QTLs with gene-rich regions; and (iii) unexpected predominance of QTL effects in the A genome. The A genome of wheat may have played a more important role than the B genome during domestication evolution. The cryptic beneficial alleles at specific QTLs derived from T. dicoccoides may contribute to wheat and cereal improvement. F rom agriculture origins in the Near East 10,000 years ago, emmer was the principal wheat of the newly established farming settlements, subsequently spreading 7,000 years ago to Egypt, India, and Europe (1). Wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides, genome AABB, is a tetraploid, a predominantly self-pollinating wild progenitor of modern tetraploid and hexaploid cultivated wheats (2, 3). T. dicoccoides proved important in wheat breeding in the past, and it deserves in-depth study as a potential genetic resource for cereal improvement (1).Analysis of quantitative trait (QT) loci (QTL) of domestication-related traits was studied in rice (4), maize (5), sorghum (6, 7), and millet (8). In recent years, QTLs were mapped in hexaploid wheat for agronomic traits (9, 10). To date, QTLs have been reported for tetraploid wheat mainly for quality traits (11, 12) but not for domestication traits. Grass domestication evolution is the key to exploiting genome diversity for future cereal improvement (13). Therefore, the objective of this study was to map genetic loci underlying domestication-related traits, including brittle rachis (Br), heading date (HD), plant height (HT), grain size, yield, yield components, and the genomic distribution pattern of domestication QTLs in T. dicoccoides. Materials and MethodsMapping Population. A cross was made between a highly striperust-resistant T. dicoccoides accession, Hermon H52 (H52) (1), with typical wild traits, from Mt. Hermon, Israel, and a Triticum durum cultivar, Langdon (Ldn). The F 2 mapping population consisted of 150 genotypes. Leaf samples were collected in the greenhouse at the elongation stage, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80°C until DNA isolation (14). The F 2 individuals were bagged to ensure selfing for producing F 3 families.Phenotyping of Domestication-Related Traits. A randomized block design field experiment was conducted in Neve Yaar, Israel, from 1997 to 1998. The trial totaled 162 single-row plots, 150 for the F 3 fa...

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Section: Domestication Qtls In Wild Emmer: Comparison With Other Cerementioning

confidence: 63%

Domestication quantitative trait loci in Triticum dicoccoides , the progenitor of wheat

Peng

Ronin

Fahima

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

308

221

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“…The Vrn-A1 gene was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 5A near the Fr1 gene (Snape et al, 2001), and it is strongly linked to three RFLP markers: Xwg644, Xpsr426 and Xpsr2021 (Korzun et al, 1997;Sarma et al, 1998;Sutka et al, 1999;Snape et al, 2001). Snape et al (2001) also established the position of the Vrn-D1 gene in the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 5D, and showed that this gene is closely linked to Xgwm212 and Xgwm292 microsatellite markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Allelic Variation at the VRN-1 Locus of Polish Cultivars of Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Nowak¹,

Kowalczyk²

2010

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica

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At a molecular level, the length of the vernalization period of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is determined mainly by three loci: VRN-1, VRN-2 and VRN-3. In hexaploid wheat, the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 genes are dominant for spring growth habit and epistatic to the alleles for winter growth habit. We used DNA markers to determine the VRN-1 genotypes of 43 common wheat cultivars from the Polish register. All of the 30 examined winter wheat cultivars carried the recessive vrn-A1 allele, and all of the 13 analyzed spring cultivars carried the dominant Vrn-A1a allele. Moreover, 13 winter and 11 spring cultivars carried the dominant Vrn-B1 allele. These results confirmed that the hexaploid wheat growth habit is determined mainly by the VRN-A1 locus.K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: : VRN-1 locus, vernalization, allelic variation, Triticum aestivum L., DNA markers.

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“…Sixty-one percent of the markers on the long arm mapped to these three regions that encompass less than 18% of the arm (Gill et al 1996a). The region on FL 0.75 has received particular attention because of its high gene density and because of the presence of vernalization and frost tolerance genes Vrn-1 and Fr-1 in wheat and barley (Dubcovsky et al 1998;Kato et al 1999;Sarma et al 1998;Sutka et al 1999). A 102-kb barley BAC selected with RFLP marker WG644 from this region was recently sequenced and five genes were identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transposable elements, genes and recombination in a 215-kb contig from wheat chromosome 5Am

SanMiguel

Ramakrishna

Bennetzen

et al. 2002

Funct Integr Genomics

153

160

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Sequencing of a contiguous 215-kb interval of Triticum monococcum showed the presence of five genes in the same order as in previously sequenced colinear barley and rice BACs. Gene 2 was in the same orientation in wheat and rice but inverted in barley. Gene density in this region was 1 gene per 43 kb and the ratio of physical to genetic distance was estimated to be 2,700 kb cM -1 . Twenty more-or-less intact retrotransposons were found in the intergenic regions, covering at least 70% of the sequenced region. The insertion times of 11 retrotransposons were less than 5 million years ago and were consistent with their nested structure. Five new families of retroelements and the first full-length elements for two additional retrotransposon families were discovered in this region. Significantly higher values of GC content were observed for Triticeae BACs compared with rice BACs. Relative enrichment or depletion of certain dinucleotides was observed in the comparison of introns, exons and retrotransposons. A higher proportion of transitions in CG and CNG sites that are targets for cytosine methylation was observed in retrotransposons (76%) than in introns (37%). These results showed that the wheat genome is a complex mixture of different sequence elements, but with general patterns of content and interspersion that are similar to those seen in maize and barley.

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Comparative mapping of the wheat chromosome 5A Vrn-A1 region with rice and its relationship to QTL for flowering time

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Domestication quantitative trait loci in Triticum dicoccoides , the progenitor of wheat

Domestication quantitative trait loci in Triticum dicoccoides , the progenitor of wheat

Allelic Variation at the VRN-1 Locus of Polish Cultivars of Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Transposable elements, genes and recombination in a 215-kb contig from wheat chromosome 5Am

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