Comparative kayomorphology of edibleMusacultivars of West Bengal

Abstract

Seedless cultivars of banana are generally triploids, and diploids or tetraploids are rarer. In the present study, the karyomorphology of eight edible Musa cultivars of West Bengal was investigated for the first time to contribute to a better understanding of chromosome features and chromosome changes in the way of variation. Among the eight cultivars, seven were triploid and only the eighth seeded cultivar was diploid, all with basic chromosome number of x = 11. Karyotypic differences were observed between the cultivars but not enough to serve as a marker for each cultivar. Karyotype analysis has shown predominance of chromosomes with centromeres in median position with a few submedian centromeres. This report is the first of its kind for Musa cultivars where comparative karyotyping indicate that minor structural alterations of the chromosomes may have resulted in the genetic variability within the cultivated bananas, giving rise to numerous varieties or cultivars.

A New Seeded Diploid Accession of <i>Musa laterita</i> of Section <i>Rhodochlamys</i> From Gangtok, Sikkim, India with Morphology, Chromosome Number and Genome Size

“…Two chromosomes have secondary constrictions of nearly terminal on the short arm and four chromosomes had secondary constrictions on the proximal part of the long arm. These chromosomes having secondary constrictions were recorded in cultivated varieties earlier by our group (Das and Das 1994, 1997, Osuji et al 2006, Lao et al 2012, Ghosh et al 2013.…”

Karyotype Variation in Eight Cultivars of Indian Dessert Banana (Musa acuminata L.) of Section Eumusa From Odisha, India

“…The dissymmetrical coefficient of the karyotype through FISH in Hibiscus mutabilis f. mutabilis, L. confirms relatively advanced type over plants with symmetrical chromosomes of the primitive type with respect to evolution (Li et al 2015). Duplication of chromosomes or translocation between the chromosomes with or without secondary constrictions at a very early stage of evolution might be the reason for the structural alteration of the chromosome morphology as well as the variation of secondary constricted chromosomes in the above cultivars (Das and Das 1994;Rai et al 1997;Ghosh et al 2013;Das et al 2015Das et al , 2020Dehery et al 2020).…”

“…Edible bananas have 2n = 2x 22, 33 or 44 chromosomes for diploid, triploid and tetraploid cultivars respectively (Stover and Simmonds 1987). These cultivars have a wide range of genome permuta- (Ghosh et al 2013;Das et al 2020;Dehery et al 2020) and molecular marker analysis (Venkatachalam et al 2008), though there are many biodiversity hotspots of banana in North East India exists which need to be explored. Banana varieties of Odisha have remarkable popularity in the locality and the cytogenetics of some of the varieties like cv.…”