Comparative in Vitro Evaluation of Brands of Clotrimazole Cream Formulations Marketed in Ethiopia

Abstract

The aim of present work was to undertake comparative in vitro quality evaluation of six marketed clotrimazole cream formulations in Ethiopia with respect to physico-chemical properties like viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, pH and drug content. In vitro clotrimazole release from cream formulations was also studied using synthetic cellulose acetate membrane at 37 ºC in a solvent containing methanol and PBS 7.4 in the ratio of 75:25 as receiver medium. The cumulative amounts of the drug released over 12 h (µg mm-2) were analyzed. All clotrimazole cream formulations showed good and smooth homogeneous appearance with white color. The pH of clotrimazole cream formulations ranged from 4-7, which is a physiologically acceptable pH range and in principle devoid of any skin irritation. Clotrimazole content ranged from 90-110%, ensuring the uniformity of the drug content in all formulations. The increase in diameter of clotrimazole cream formulations following the spreadability test was found to range from 4-6 cm. Cream formulation D (Clotri-Denk) exhibited highest viscosity values than other formulations, whereas formulation E (Chinese Clotrimazole BP) showed lowest viscosity value. Cream formulation F (Mycoril) showed better extrudability and spreadability as compared to other formulations. Drug release from all formulations was slow in the first 6 hrs. After the 6 th hr, steady drug release continued for formulation D and E. Fast drug release was observed in formulations A (Candid) and B (Candigen), whereas for the formulations C (Canesten), D and E, steady drug release pattern was observed after the 6 th hr. It can be concluded that all clotrimazole cream formulations fulfilled the quality criteria of in-house and pharmacopeias specifications.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Oil-Based Itraconazole Cream for Fungal Infection

“…The spreadability of all the formulation was between 6.11±0.13 and 9.76±0.31 cm (Tables 4 and 5). Formulation JO 2 shows the highest spreadability; 9.76±0.31 cm and formulation CO 2 shows the highest [23]. Both the final formulations were subject further diffusion study with the marketed formulation and found that formulation CO 2 was the best formulation among two and shows a percent drug release of 61.98±1.10% (Table 8 and Fig.…”

“…After analyzing all the study of all formulations from different oils, the best-optimized formulation was evaluated based on in vitro diffusion studies. Optimized formulations were then compared with the marketed formulation [22,23].…”

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Excipients-Based Ketoconazole Cream for Fungal Infection

“…The drug content was calculated according to beer lambert's law. 17,18 For the in-vitro diffusion study, the Franz Diffusion Cell was used; the base of the cell was covered with overnight wetted cellophane membrane. The 5gm of cream is transferred into the Franz Diffusion Cell.…”