Comparative Impact Behavior of High-C Steel After Conventional Quenching, Tempering, and Austempering

Nahm

et al. 2022

Metals

It has been reported that a multiphase microstructure with bainite, martensite, and retained austenite obtained by austempering, or quenching and tempering of spring steel containing Si, Mn, and Cr exhibits high strength and ductility. However, little research has been conducted on the bainite formation and impact fracture behavior of next-generation spring steel from the perspective of engineering and industrial applications. The microstructural transformation characteristics of bainite and martensite related to the heat treatment cycle on the maker side were quantitatively analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Moreover, the effects and mechanical properties of bainite and martensite formation in response to changes in lath length and width were studied and analyzed. That is, to obtain the mechanical properties of spring steel with the highest quality, tensile and impact specimens, whose microstructure and notch shape change according to the heat-treatment cycle, were prepared and studied.

Section: Comparison Between the Charpy Impact Energy And Tensile Stre...mentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Fracture Analysis Of Impact Specimensmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact Toughness of Spring Steel after Bainite and Martensite Transformation

Nahm

et al. 2022

Metals

Materials Science and Technology

“…Therefore, improving the tribological performance of AISI 5160 steel is essential. The microstructure, residual stresses [4], impact toughness [5], fracture toughness [1], and life of the heat-treated AISI 5160 steel have been studied by many researchers, but wear behaviour has rarely been studied [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplex treatment with Hastelloy cage on AISI 5160 steel cutting tools

Araújo

Naeem

Araújo

et al. 2022

AISI 5160 steel has high toughness and ductility. However, in specific applications, better tribological performance is required. In this sense, the study's objective was to perform plasma nitriding with Hastelloy's cathodic cage followed by the conventional plasma nitriding in AISI 5160 steel to produce high hardness and wear resistance. The results showed that the samples and cutting tools subjected to this process showed higher wear resistance than untreated samples and high-speed steel tools. The sample submitted to treatments with 450°C and 3 h showed greater surface hardness and less volume loss in the mechanical and machining tests. Therefore, the duplex treatment presented in this work with posterior plasma nitriding proved efficient with the low processing time.

“…Hardened steel AISI O1 is widely used in the manufacturing of measuring and cutting tools, cold forming matrix and punches, and machine-tool attachments. The presence of manganese, vanadium, tungsten, chromium, and carbides in its composition contributes to the increase in strength [1,2], hardness [3], and wear resistance [4]. Due to these properties, AISI O1 steel products are employed in different industries and its machinability has been investigated in different operations: turning [5], milling [6], and grinding [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment, Investigations, and Modelling of Slot Milling Characteristics in Eco-Benign Machining of Hardened Steel

Markopoulos

Karkalos

Mia

et al. 2020

Metals

The hardened tool steel AISI O1 has increased strength, hardness, and wear resistance, which affects the complexity of the machining process. AISI O1 has also been classified as difficult to cut material hence optimum cutting parameters are required for the sustainable machining of the alloy. In this work, the effect of feed peer tooth (fz), cutting speed (vc), cutting of depth (ap) on surface roughness (Ra, Rt), cutting force (Fx, Fy), cutting power (Pc), machining cost (Ci), and carbon dioxide (Ene) were investigated during the slot milling process of AISI O1 hardened steel. A regression analysis was carried out on the obtained experimental results and the induction of nonlinear mathematical equations of surface roughness, cutting force, cutting power, and machining cost with a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 90.62–98.74%) were deduced. A sustainability assessment model is obtained for optimal and stable levels of design variables when slot milling AISI O1 tool steel. Stable indicators to ensure personal health and safety of operation, P1 values were set to “1” at a cutting speed of 20 m/min or 43.3 m/min and “2” at a cutting speed of 66.7 m/min or 90 m/min. It is revealed that for eco-benign machining of AISI O1, the optimum parameters of 0.01 mm/tooth, 20 m/min, and 0.1 mm should be adopted for feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut respectively.