Impact Toughness of Spring Steel after Bainite and Martensite Transformation

Suh, Min‐Soo; Nahm, Seung Hoon; Suh, Chang‐Min; Park, Nokeun

doi:10.3390/met12020304

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Xia et al obtained the highest hardness for a low carbon steel when conducting a quench and temper, and the austempering lowered the hardness by 10% [36]. However, Suh et al austempered a spring steel with 0.55 wt% C and obtained a 10% higher hardness with austempering than with quenching and tempering, that also resulted in higher wear resistance [37,38]. Higher wear resistance is not always associated with increased hardness but also with increased fracture toughness, as the harder the brittle martensite cracks, the more ductile the softer bainite smears are during wear tests, thereby decreasing the weight loss during wear tests [39].…”

Section: Hardness Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isothermal Quenching of As-Cast Medium Carbon, High-Silicon AR Steel

Klančnik¹,

Krajnc²,

Nagode

et al. 2022

Materials

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Medium carbon high-silicon abrasion resistant (AR) steel was examined by performing dilatometry, light optical microscopy (LOM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and hardness measurements after isothermal bainitization and modified martempering and compared to direct quenching technology. A commercial thermodynamic tool was used for hardness prediction and compared to the measured one and revealed a rather good agreement for direct quenching, as was the case for isothermal holdings near to the martensite start (Ms). The predicted martensite start temperatures were in good agreement with the experimental data, the experimental value was 321 °C, while the predicted values were 324 and 296 °C. However, a higher discrepancy appeared for isothermal holding much above the martensite transition in the bainite region resulting in lower measured hardness compared to the predictions related to the actual kinetics and complexity of the formed final volume percentages of phase constituents such as bainite, martensite, and rest austenite, later as a part of unfinished bainite transformation at studied temperature. The predicted hardness values for quenching, isothermal holding at 280, 300 and 350 °C were 50.6, 50.6, 49.4 and 49.4 HRC, while the measured values were 53.3, 48.3, 48 and 43 HRC, respectively. A very good agreement between the thermodynamic prediction was achieved by comparing the measured Ms concerning prior austenite grain size as one of the crucial parameters for setting a proper heat treatment strategy of various isothermal quenchings making thermodynamic predictions for low alloyed steels a powerful tool for optimizing the heat-treating operations.

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