Comparative Genotypic and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Analysis of Zoonotic Campylobacter Species Isolated from Broilers in a Nationwide Survey, Portugal

Carreira, Ana C.; Clemente, Lurdes; Rocha, Teresa; Tavares, Alcina; Geraldes, Margarida; Barahona, Maria José; Botelho, Ana; Cunha, Mónica V.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-183

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We also found higher AMR in Campylobacter from chicken isolates on organic farms in Portugal, the UK, and some parts of the US. These findings mirror previous research that has also found higher AMR in Campylobacter on chicken farms in the UK and Portugal 34,35 and suggests that organic farming practices might not necessarily reduce consumer risk of exposure to Campylobacter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Global trends in antimicrobial resistance on organic and conventional farms

Ager

Carvalho

Silva

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Various stewardship policies, regulations, and voluntary bans have focused on protecting antimicrobials by limiting their use in livestock. These efforts ignited management shifts ranging from largely nominal (e.g., drugs banned for use as growth promoters were reclassified as prophylactic drugs) to organic farming, which drastically reduces or eliminates use of antimicrobials. Understanding how these farming practices influence the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in livestock carries important implications for policy makers, public health officials, and farm managers. Here, we reviewed studies spanning the last 20 years to ask if the most stringent effort to reduce antimicrobial use in livestock organic farming results in notable reductions in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance across broad scale geographic ranges, pathogens, and livestock hosts. Our results validate organic farming in reducing the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by ~31.2%,~26.9%, ~28.2%,~42.9 and ~36.2% in cattle, chicken, environment, pigs and turkey respectively while also revealing significant variation in the strength of this reduction across contexts. Given that our results join others indicating that AMR is increasing across all types of farms, our results highlight areas where organic farming has been most effective and may provide economical and scalable solutions for farmers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Global trends in antimicrobial resistance on organic and conventional farms

Ager

Carvalho

Silva

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…This study illustrates the occurrence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter in conventionally reared, free-range and backyard chickens. The overall occurrence of Campylobacter obtained in this study (90.6%) is comparable to other reports [20][21][22], including to what has been described in Portugal [23,24]. All the samples from chickens raised in conventional and free-range systems were contaminated, while 73% of samples from backyard chickens were positive, suggesting a lower occurrence of Campylobacter in the latter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Occurrence and Multidrug Resistance of Campylobacter in Chicken Meat from Different Production Systems

Santos-Ferreira

Ferreira

Teixeira

2022

Foods

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Campylobacter is the leading bacterial cause of diarrheal disease worldwide and poultry remains the primary vehicle of its transmission to humans. Due to the rapid increase in antibiotic resistance among Campylobacter strains, the World Health Organization (WHO) added Campylobacter fluoroquinolone resistance to the WHO list of antibiotic-resistant “priority pathogens”. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. in meat samples from chickens reared in different production systems: (a) conventional, (b) free-range and (c) backyard farming. Campylobacter spp. was detected in all samples from conventionally reared and free-range broilers and in 72.7% of backyard chicken samples. Levels of contamination were on average 2.7 × 103 colony forming units (CFU)/g, 4.4 × 102 CFU/g and 4.2 × 104 CFU/g in conventionally reared, free-range and backyard chickens, respectively. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli were the only species isolated. Distribution of these species does not seem to be affected by the production system. The overall prevalence of Campylobacter isolates exhibiting resistance to at least one antimicrobial was 98.4%. All the C. coli isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and to nalidixic acid, and 79.5 and 97.4% to ampicillin and tetracycline, respectively. In total, 96.2% of C. jejuni isolates displayed a resistant phenotype to ciprofloxacin and to nalidixic acid, and 92.3% to ampicillin and tetracycline. Of the 130 Campylobacter isolates tested, 97.7% were classified as multidrug resistant (MDR).

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“…Gentamicin resistance in Campylobacter spp. from poultry is a rare event all over European countries (Carreira et al 2012;De Jong et al 2009;Pérez-Boto et al 2013), probably because it is not used in poultry production. The aph(3´)-III and aadE genes involved in aminoglycoside resistance were identified in some strains.…”

Section: Virulence Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization ofCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coliBroiler Isolates by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Cantero

Correa‐Fiz

Ronco

et al. 2018

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Campylobacter has been the most commonly reported cause of bacterial diarrheal disease in humans in the European Union since 2005. Most broiler batches at slaughter are colonized with Campylobacter, and the major source of infection is contaminated poultry meat. The aim of this study was to characterize a selection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from broilers through whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 16 isolates (C. jejuni = 12 and C. coli = 4) from five broiler farms from Catalonia (northeastern Spain) were analyzed. A phylogenetic analysis based on 8420 single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed two main cluster grouping strains by species. Phenotypic resistances to quinolones (100%), tetracycline (81%), streptomycin (75%), erythromycin (56%), and gentamicin (13%) were found. All the isolates carried the C257T point mutation in the subunit A of the DNA gyrase gene (Thr86Ile) conferring resistance to quinolones, while all the isolates showing resistance to tetracycline carried the tet(O) gene. The genes aph(3')-III and aadE conferring resistance to aminoglycosides were identified in the two isolates (one C. jejuni and one C. coli) resistant to streptomycin and gentamicin. The point mutation A2075G on the 23S rDNA conferring high resistance to macrolides was detected in three C. coli isolates. The CmeABC multidrug efflux pump was also detected, both in C. jejuni and C. coli isolates. All C. jejuni and C. coli isolates were positive for most of the 34 virulence-associated genes studied related to motility, chemotaxis, adhesion, and invasion. Interestingly, the wlaN gene involved in the Guillain-Barré syndrome was found in two isolates. The results underline the power of WGS for investigation of virulence, clonality, and antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter.

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Comparative Genotypic and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Analysis of Zoonotic Campylobacter Species Isolated from Broilers in a Nationwide Survey, Portugal

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Global trends in antimicrobial resistance on organic and conventional farms

Global trends in antimicrobial resistance on organic and conventional farms

Occurrence and Multidrug Resistance of Campylobacter in Chicken Meat from Different Production Systems

Characterization ofCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coliBroiler Isolates by Whole-Genome Sequencing

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