Comparative genomics of ocular Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from keratitis patients with different clinical outcomes

Kandasamy, Kathirvel; Thirumalmuthu, Kannan; Prajna, Namperumalsamy Venkatesh; Lalitha, Prajna; Mohankumar, Vidyarani; Devarajan, Bharanidharan

doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.032

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In P. aeruginosa “CRISPR/No Cas” isolates, several virulence factors responsible for pilus assembly and disassembly [ 52 ], as well as the swimming, twitching and swarming motility for bacteria [ 27 , 53 , 54 ] were underrepresented in comparison to the isolates with putative CRISPR/Cas systems. Some of these factors were associated with poor outcomes in groups of keratitis patients [ 55 ] and are known to induce inflammasome and impair bacterial clearance [ 56 ], thus making them beneficial in terms of bacterial dissemination. Notably, only ExoU and its specific chaperone, SpcU, were significantly overrepresented among P. aeruginosa “CRISPR/No Cas” isolates, while the isolates with multiple putative CRISPR/Cas systems did not have them at all.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR Element Patterns vs. Pathoadaptability of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from a Medical Center in Moscow, Russia

et al. 2021

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of the ESKAPE opportunistic pathogen group, which includes six species of the most dangerous microbes. This pathogen is characterized by the rapid acquisition of antimicrobial resistance, thus causing major healthcare concerns. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of clinical P. aeruginosa isolates based on whole-genome sequencing data. The isolate collection studied was characterized by a variety of clonal lineages with a domination of high-risk epidemic clones and different CRISPR/Cas element patterns. This is the first report on the coexistence of two and even three different types of CRISPR/Cas systems simultaneously in Russian clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. The data include molecular typing and genotypic antibiotic resistance determination, as well as the phylogenetic analysis of the full-length cas gene and anti-CRISPR genes sequences, predicted prophage sequences, and conducted a detailed CRISPR array analysis. The differences between the isolates carrying different types and quantities of CRISPR/Cas systems were investigated. The pattern of virulence factors in P. aeruginosa isolates lacking putative CRISPR/Cas systems significantly differed from that of samples with single or multiple putative CRISPR/Cas systems. We found significant correlations between the numbers of prophage sequences, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence genes in P. aeruginosa isolates with different patterns of CRISPR/Cas-elements. We believe that the data presented will contribute to further investigations in the field of bacterial pathoadaptability, including antimicrobial resistance and the role of CRISPR/Cas systems in the plasticity of the P. aeruginosa genome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR Element Patterns vs. Pathoadaptability of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from a Medical Center in Moscow, Russia

et al. 2021

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“…In contrast, several recent studies have demonstrated possession of the exoU gene in non-CL-related isolates, particularly in association with multidrug resistance 39 and severe disease. 40 Perhaps unexpectedly, given this observation, disease in CL wearers is generally associated with a better final visual prognosis than in non-CL wearers, within the same population. 8,37,41 This might suggest that the virulence characteristics associated with the exoU + strains were not necessarily associated with CL wear, at least for antibiotic-resistant strains.…”

Section: Microbial Virulence Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Genetics of Contact Lens–Related and Non–Contact Lens-Related Infectious Keratitis

Stapleton

Vijay

Carnt

2022

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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Infectious keratitis is a rare but severe condition associated with a range of ocular and systemic predisposing conditions, including ocular trauma, prior surgery, surface disease, and contact lens (CL) wear. This review explores the epidemiology of infectious keratitis, specifically the differences in disease incidence and risk factors, causative organism profile and virulence characteristics and host microbiome, genetics, gene expression, proteomics, and metabolomic characteristics in CL-related and non-CL-related diseases. Differences exist in the epidemiology, demographics, causative organisms, and their virulence characteristics in CLrelated and non-CL-related diseases, and there is less evidence to support differences between these groups of individuals in the ocular surface microbiome, genetics, and pathways of disease. Genetic variations, however, in the host immune profile are implicated in both the onset and severity of infectious keratitis in CL and non-CL wearers. As technologies in metabolomics, proteomics, and genomics improved to be better able to process small-volume samples from the ocular surface, there will be improved understanding of the interplay between the CL, ocular surface, host immune profile, and the microbial environment. This may result in a more personalized approach in the management of disease to reduce disease severity.

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“…Two other significant P. aeruginosa keratitis virulence factors are exotoxin S ( exoS ), which is implicated in invasive infections, and exotoxin U ( exoU ), which is associated with acute host cytotoxicity ( Fleiszig et al., 1997 ; Karthikeyan et al., 2013 ; Kandasamy et al., 2020 ). Both proteins are secreted by the P. aeruginosa Type III secretion system and generally speaking, isolates either encode either exoS or exoU .…”

Section: Pseudomonas Aeruginosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infectious keratitis: key bacterial mechanisms that mediate pathogenesis and emerging therapeutics

Shah,

Wozniak

2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Bacterial keratitis (bacterial infection of the cornea) is a major cause of vision loss worldwide. Given the rapid and aggressive nature of the disease, immediate broad-spectrum antibiotics are essential to adequately treat this disease. However, rising antibiotic resistance continues to accelerate, rendering many commonly used therapeutics increasingly ineffective. As such, there is a significant effort to understand the basic pathogenesis of common causative organisms implicated in keratitis in part, to fuel the development of novel therapies to treat this blinding disease. This review explores two common causes of bacterial keratitis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with regards to the bacterial mediators of virulence as well as novel therapies on the horizon.

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Comparative genomics of ocular Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from keratitis patients with different clinical outcomes

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

CRISPR Element Patterns vs. Pathoadaptability of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from a Medical Center in Moscow, Russia

CRISPR Element Patterns vs. Pathoadaptability of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from a Medical Center in Moscow, Russia

Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Genetics of Contact Lens–Related and Non–Contact Lens-Related Infectious Keratitis

Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infectious keratitis: key bacterial mechanisms that mediate pathogenesis and emerging therapeutics

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