Comparative genetics and innate immune functions of collagenous lectins in animals

Lillie, Brandon N.; Brooks, Andrew S; Keirstead, Natalie D.; Hayes, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.07.001

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…For the CLRs, there was substantial evidence that collectins and ficolins are predominantly found at the interface of body and environment, i.e., at epidermal (Meyer et al 2008) and mucosal surfaces (Uemura et al 2002;Wagner et al 2003;Holmskov et al 2003;Van de Wetering et al 2004;Lillie et al 2005). Both subgroups have the same recognition capacities for bacteria, for example, MBL recognizes lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and mannan-like high mannose structures and has been shown to interact with a wide variety of Gram-positive bacteria and various types of their cell wall component lipoteichoic acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of substances of innate immunity in the integument of the Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica)

et al. 2009

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Using immunohistochemistry, the study demonstrates substances of the innate immunity in the skin of the Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica), referring mainly to the epidermis. The results obtained showed clear reaction differences between the dorsolateral body region with its strong cover of hard horny scales and the abdominal body part with a thick soft stratum corneum and a dense cover of fine hairs. Regarding pathogen recognition receptors, positive reactions for Toll-like receptors were generally weak for TLR2, in contrast to TLR4, that exhibited strong reactions in the epidermis of both body regions, with increasing staining intensities towards the stratum corneum; ß-glucan receptors showed positive reactions only for Lficolin and mannose-binding lectin, but not for dectin-1, and only at the abdomen. A generally positive staining for both body regions was obtained for all cationic antimicrobial peptides tested, whereby cathelicidin exhibited strong reaction intensities in all epidermal layers, ß-defensin 2 staining was often limited to the stratum basale and the stratum spinosum, and positive reactions for ß-defensin 3 appeared distinctly only in the epidermis of the abdomen; for these peptides, positive reaction staining could also be found in the outer epithelial root sheath of hair follicles, their glandular annexes, and free cells of the dermis. Lysozyme was found in the vital epidermis of both body regions studied, with strong staining limited to the dorsum; strong reactions were also visible in the hair follicles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of substances of innate immunity in the integument of the Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica)

et al. 2009

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“…It is related to the activation of the lectin complement pathway and opsonic immunity. The collagen-like domain of MBL is comprised of numerous Gly-X-Y repeats, and 3 monomers form a coiled-coil that provides stability to the tertiary structure (Lillie et al, 2005). Within this domain, several structural features are thought to contribute to the many distinct functions attributed to the collagen-like domain of mannan-binding lectin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MBL mutations have also been predicted to contribute to varied susceptibility to infection (Lillie et al, 2005;Takahashi et al, 2005). One G→T SNP at position 271 (codon 91) of the pig MBL-A complementary DNA encodes a substitution of glycine with cysteine in the 16th Gly-X-Y repeat in the collagen-like domain, following the putative MASP-binding domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel SNPs of the mannan-binding lectin 2 gene and their association with production traits in Chinese Holsteins

Zhao

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2012

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The mannan-binding lectin gene (MBL) participates as an opsonin in the innate immune system of mammals, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MBL cause various immune dysfunctions. In this study, we detected SNPs in MBL2 at exon 1 using polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing techniques in 825 Chinese Holstein cows. Four new SNPs with various allele frequencies were also found. The g.1164 G>A SNP was predicted to substitute arginine with glutamine at the N-terminus of the cysteine-rich domain. In the collagen-like domain, SNPs g.1197 C>A and g.1198 G>A changed proline to glutamine, whereas SNP g.1207 T>C was identified as a synonymous mutation. Correlation analysis showed that the g.1197 C>A marker was significantly correlated to somatic cell score (SCS), and the g.1164 G>A locus had significant effects on SCS, fat content, and protein content (P < 0.05), suggesting possible roles of these SNPs in the host response against mastitis. Nine haplotypes and nine MBL2 polymorphism and mastitis resistance haplotype pairs corresponding to the loci of the 4 novel SNPs were found in Chinese Holsteins. Haplotype pairs MM, MN, and BQ were correlated with the lowest SCS; MN with the highest protein yield; MM with the highest protein rate, and MN with the highest 305-day milk yield. Thus, MM, MN, and BQ are possible candidates for marker-assisted selection in dairy cattle breeding programs.

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“…For a detailed discussion of structure-function relationships and the genetics of MBL and other collectins and their distribution among vertebrate species the reader is referred to recent reviews [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] . In man, the collectin family is comprised of one species of MBL protein, three ficolins and the surfactant proteins A and D [40] . The basic structure of the prototypic MBL molecule is a polypeptide chain of 32 kDa, from which the collagenous regions of three such chains interact to form a trimer subunit.…”

Section: Non-tlr Cellular Prrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immunity: Toll-Like Receptors and Some More

Fleer

Krediet

2007

Neonatology

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The discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as essential components of the innate immune system has greatly advanced our knowledge and understanding of immune responses to infection and how these are regulated. Innate immunity in general and TLRs in particular play a crucial role in the front line of host defenses against microbes, but also are a key element in the proper functioning of the immune system at large in vertebrate animals. The innate immune system has been identified as a collection of factors, both cell-associated and cell-free, that comprises an impressively effective and well-organized system that is capable of immediate recognition of a whole array of microbes and microbial components. The cell-bound TLRs fulfill a central role in the process from pathogen recognition to activation of adaptive immunity. From the cell-free factors the plasma protein mannose-binding lectin (MBL) has been studied most extensively. Associations have already been documented between TLR polymorphisms in man and TLR deficiency in animals and an increased susceptibility to infection. The effect of MBL on infectious disease susceptibility only seems to emerge when host defenses are compromised by a severe underlying condition. The functional state of the various components of innate immunity at birth is largely unknown and only recently a number of studies have assessed this feature of the innate immune system. In addition, for the human newborn the innate immune systemmay have a broader significance; it may well be the key system determining the course of inflammatory events associated with premature birth, a notion that is emphasized by the recently described association between TLR polymorphisms and prematurity. However, there are still many open questions, particularly about the exact relation between individual TLRs and infectious disease susceptibility and how TLRs cooperate in resistance to infection and in initiating adaptive immune responses. With regard to the human newborn, the most relevant question that needs to be resolved is the precise role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of prematurity.

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Comparative genetics and innate immune functions of collagenous lectins in animals

Cited by 40 publications

References 137 publications

Demonstration of substances of innate immunity in the integument of the Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica)

Demonstration of substances of innate immunity in the integument of the Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica)

Novel SNPs of the mannan-binding lectin 2 gene and their association with production traits in Chinese Holsteins

Innate Immunity: Toll-Like Receptors and Some More

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