Comparative evaluation of performance and emission characteristics of Moringa oleifera and Palm oil based biodiesel in a diesel engine

Mofijur, M.; Masjuki, H.H.; Kalam, M.A.; Atabani, A.E.; Fattah, I.M. Rizwanul; Mobarak, H.M.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.011

Cited by 243 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The combination of TiO 2 and MCM-41 generated stronger acid sites and more acidity as compared with the separate components. Moreover, modified catalyst with SO 4 2− ions had much higher acidity than unmodified catalysts. The catalytic activity of the catalysts depends on the acid sites.…”

Section: Effect Of Tio 2 Loadingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The reaction time was set for 20 min and the temperature was maintained within 180 • C to 280 • C. During esterification, catalytic and non-catalytic conditions were also studied. The effectiveness of sulfated titanium oxide supported MCM-41 catalyst and with varying TiO 2 loading, SO 4 2− content and calcination temperatures were examined during theesterification process to optimize the reaction conditions. The products were analyzed by gas chromatography (Varian, 3400 CX) with a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm film thickness) and a flame ionization detector (FID).…”

Section: Reaction Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the last decades, due to flexibility and reliability concerns, researchers have been trying to identify biodiesel sources, and numerous studies have been performed to identify the suitable energy efficient crops for the quality biodiesel production. Good progress has already been achieved in this area with the introduction of more than 350 oil-bearing crops for the production of biodiesel [3,4]. Moreover, the quality and suitability of biodiesel produced from renewable feedstocks as a replacement for petroleum fuel are still uncertain [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These displayed good catalytic activity, but the biodiesel yield was not significant [26]. A new type of solid superacid catalyst, (SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 -TiO 2 ) loaded with lanthanum, was also proved to be an effective catalyst for both transesterification and esterification using 60% acid-containing feedstocks. The yield was found to be around 90% and the catalyst could be used as many as five times, but it requires a longer reaction time, the catalyst cost is high and it is difficult to filter the tiny particles, which limits its application on an industrial scale [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO2/MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis

Bhuyan

Alam

Chu³

et al. 2017

Energies

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Due to uncontrolled consumption of fossil fuel it is necessary to use alternative resources as renewable energy. Among all the available liquid fuels biodiesel has drawn attention for producing less emissions and having less aromatic contents than diesel and because it can also be obtained from inferior grade feedstocks. Since the various uses of fats and oils have increased, a significant amount of waste animal fat and used edible oil is generated every year. In this work, we produced biodiesel from littered edible oil fraction (LEOF) via hydrolysis followed by catalytic esterification. Nearly 90% free fatty acids (FFA) content was achieved at 275 • C, after 45 min during hydrolysis and linoleic acid (C18:2) was observed to be the highest component. Compared to refined soybean oil (SBO) the reaction rate was accelerated by the auto-catalytic behavior of free fatty acids (FFA) in littered edible oil fraction (LEOF). For catalytic esterification, S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 catalyst was directly synthesized and characterized by using XRD, SEM, NH 3 -TPD and Brunauer Emmett Teller (B.E.T). The parameters such as; SO 4 −2 content, TiO 2 loading and calcination temperature were varied to get optimum free fatty acids (FFA) conversion. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion was 99.29% using 1% S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 catalyst at 240 • C whereas 86.18% was observed with 3.5% catalyst at 180 • C with 20 min. Thus, using S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 catalyst in esterification via hydrolysis would be a better option for treating low quality feedstocks.

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Section: Effect Of Tio 2 Loadingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Reaction Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO2/MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis

Bhuyan

Alam

Chu³

et al. 2017

Energies

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“…Moreover, due to low sulphur content (1.112 wt %) of the POME, clean emission was produced. Performance studies on the engine using biodiesel and POME were reported by various researchers [1][2][3][4][5] . However, the fire safety precautions also must be taken into consideration to ensure safe storage and fueling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Biodiesel Palm Oil Methyl Ester Pool Fire

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The characteristics of biodiesel pool fires with palm oil methyl ester concentrations of 7% by volume in various pan diameter sizes (0.05 m, 0.10 m and 0.15 m) were studied. Initially, biodiesel was heated on a hot plate to increase the temperature close to the flash point temperature. Later fuel was ignited and stable pool fire formed. Flame temperature along the centerline pool fire from flame base to flame tip were measured. Flame temperature shows that the temperature at flame base is higher than that the flames tip. This is due to the complete burning occurs near flame base and at flame tip incomplete burning exists. Incomplete burning produces yellow flame appearance. Moreover, the mass burn rate varies linearly with pan size. Small diameter pan produces low mass burn rate compared to the large diameter pan. Low and high mass burn rate contributes to the flame height. Flame with higher mass burn rate is longer than that the low mass burn rate. Thus, the characteristic of the biodiesel palm oil methyl ester is successfully studied in the present study.

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Oxidative stability of biodiesel: recent insights

Longanesi

Pereira

Johnston

et al. 2021

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Biodiesel, the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) of vegetable and animal oil, is now used extensively worldwide, with blends of up to 7% common. The blending level is still somewhat limited due to a perceived susceptibility of these fuels to oxidation. Oxidation follows a number of pathways, with the primary mechanism being auto-oxidation, a radical process that results in the production of a range of oxygenated components. These eventually increase the viscosity of the fuel and form deposits detrimental to operation. Further fuel properties are also heavily reliant on the level of oxidation. As such, one of the main challenges in the use of biodiesel is its long-term instability when stored. Typically synthetic antioxidants have been used to address this issue; however, these systems can also add to the formation of deposits, as well as hazardous emissions, on combustion. Recently, research has focused on novel antioxidant development mainly from plant extracts, although there are a number of other routes for improved performance, including the commercialization of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO), a prominent alternative to FAME-based biodiesel due to its higher stability, straight chain paraffin composition, and better cold flow properties. In this review, the factors that promote this oxidation are presented, including molecular composition, metal contamination, temperature and light exposure, as well as the latest findings on the inclusion of HVO, the current state-of-the-art analytical techniques employed, and the impact of higher pressure injection systems on vehicles that demonstrate deposit formation is not solely due to the unsaturated biodiesel components.

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Comparative evaluation of performance and emission characteristics of Moringa oleifera and Palm oil based biodiesel in a diesel engine

Cited by 243 publications

References 36 publications

Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO2/MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis

Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO2/MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis

Characteristics of the Biodiesel Palm Oil Methyl Ester Pool Fire

Oxidative stability of biodiesel: recent insights

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