“…Percussion test, pulsed oscillation waveform and implant hammer method are similar to principles used in periodontics, which are based on vibration, mechanical and acoustic signals (meredith, 1998;Dario, Cucchiaro and Deluzio, 2002;Jung et al, 2003;Atsumi, Park and Wang, 2007;VanSchoiack et al, 2013;Nallaswamy, 2017). The best method uses resonance frequency analysis (rfA) that measures the implant stability quotient (ISQ), with values greater than 65 showing good osseointegration (ersanli et al, 2005;Deng et al, 2008;Abrahamsson, linder and lang, 2009;bafijari et al, 2019;Charatchaiwanna et al, 2019;Kastala and ramoji rao, 2019).…”