Comparative Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra and GeneXpert MTB/RIF for Detecting Tuberculosis and Identifying Rifampicin Resistance in Pars Plana Vitrectomy Samples of Patients with Ocular Tuberculosis

Sharma, Kusum; Sharma, Megha; Ayyadurai, Nikitha; Dogra, Mohit; Sharma, Aman; Gupta, Vishali; Singh, Ramandeep; Gupta, Amod

doi:10.1080/09273948.2022.2064880

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Multiplex PCR that is based on the amplification of three Mtb target genes (i.e. IS6110, MPB64, and rpoB or protein b) showed improved sensitivity (71.8-77.8%) compared to single-gene target PCR analysis due to the variable presence of IS6110 gene copy in North Indian populations, and false-negative detection of MPB64 gene in simultaneous M. bovis and M. fortuitum infection (see Table 2) [63][64][65][66][67]. Another advantage of multiplex PCR is the possibility to test for multiple pathogens at once in very limited volumes of aqueous or vitreous fluid, which contributes to differential diagnoses.…”

Section: Detecting Mtb Using Nucleic Acid Amplification Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It employs molecular beacons to detect Mtb -specific DNA and evaluate rpoB gene mutations responsible for rifampicin resistance. Even though, GeneXpert demonstrated a lower sensitivity of 10.5-17.2% in detecting Mtb from vitrectomy samples, it potentially provides rapid information on drug resistance in patients with OTB and is a recommended first-line screening test when available 63 , 66 , 67 . In a large systematic review evaluating rifampicin resistance in adult sputum samples, GeneXpert pooled sensitivity for TB was 88% while in the HIV-positive sub-group, the sensitivity was only 80% 75 .…”

Section: Existing Diagnostic Tools For Otbmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diagnosis and biomarkers for ocular tuberculosis: From the present into the future

Ludi¹,

Sule²,

Samy³

et al. 2023

Theranostics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tuberculosis is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and can manifest both pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease, including ocular tuberculosis (OTB). Accurate diagnosis and swift optimal treatment initiation for OTB is faced by many challenges combined with the lack of standardized treatment regimens this results in uncertain OTB outcomes. The purpose of this study is to summarize existing diagnostic approaches and recently discovered biomarkers that may contribute to establishing OTB diagnosis, choice of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) regimen, and treatment monitoring. The keywords ocular tuberculosis, tuberculosis, Mycobacterium, biomarkers, molecular diagnosis, multi-omics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, T-lymphocytes profiling were searched on PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Articles and books published with at least one of the keywords were included and screened for relevance. There was no time limit for study inclusion. More emphasis was placed on recent publications that contributed new information about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, or treatment of OTB. We excluded abstracts and articles that were not written in the English language. References cited within the identified articles were used to further supplement the search. We found 10 studies evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), and 6 studies evaluating that of tuberculin skin test (TST) in OTB patients. IGRA (Sp = 71-100%, Se = 36-100%) achieves overall better sensitivity and specificity than TST (Sp = 51.1-85.7%; Se = 70.9-98.5%). For nuclear acid amplification tests (NAAT), we found 7 studies on uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with different Mtb targets, 7 studies on DNA-based multiplex PCR, 1 study on mRNA-based multiplex PCR, 4 studies on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay with different Mtb targets, 3 studies on GeneXpert assay, 1 study on GeneXpert Ultra assay and 1 study for MTBDRplus assay for OTB. Specificity is overall improved but sensitivity is highly variable for NAATs (excluding Ivyspring

show abstract

Section: Detecting Mtb Using Nucleic Acid Amplification Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Existing Diagnostic Tools For Otbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and biomarkers for ocular tuberculosis: From the present into the future

Ludi¹,

Sule²,

Samy³

et al. 2023

Theranostics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tuberculoma: A tuberculoma is a single or multiple yellowish subretinal lesion(s) with indistinct borders and surrounding exudative fluid typically in the posterior pole or mid-periphery [11,16]. Additionally, there will be an oval/round lesion in the choroidal stroma [11].…”

Section: Tubercular Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported a sensitivity of 77.77% and specificity of 100% on a cohort of 25 participants [19]. Other variants of NAATs such as the commercially available Gene Xpert MTB/RIF (GX) and GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra assays are commonly used for suspected pulmonary TB to assess for disease presence and rifampicin resistance and on a test on vitreous fluid had a sensitivity of 22.3% and specificity of 100% [16,19].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Ocular Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmic manifestations of tuberculosis

Bates,

Crowell

2023

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review To evaluate the epidemiology, microbiology, and pathology of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB). Utilizing these basic science concepts, the reader will discover how MTB can cause disease in any part of ophthalmic system. This article will aid clinicians in establishing the difficult diagnosis and management strategies for ophthalmic tuberculosis (OTB). Recent findings Recently, expert panels have reached a consensus on naming conventions and treatment strategies for the variety of ocular tuberculosis (TB). This consensus helps individual clinicians decide when to recommend full anti-TB treatment. Summary Globally, TB is nearly ubiquitous in the human population. It is most recognized for its pulmonary disease, but pathology of nearly every structure of the ophthalmic system has been identified. This heterogeneity makes establishing a diagnosis difficult, but recent improvements in expert panel naming consensus and nucleic acid amplification tests are improving diagnostic abilities. Clinicians are now feeling more confident with prescribing anti-TB regimens, but ongoing questions regarding the use of oral steroids and risk of medication-induced ocular toxicity remain.

show abstract