Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Activity of Active Compounds Identified in Ardisia elliptica Extracts from Different Plant Parts

Abstract

Ardisia elliptica Thunb. (AE) has been used as food and in traditional medicine to prevent and treat fever, diarrhea, chest pain, liver poisoning, and parturition complications in Southeast Asian countries. This study focused on phytochemical constituents of AE extracts and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by evaluating nitric oxide production, and DPPH and FRAP radical scavenging activity. The bioactive compounds from different plant parts, including old leaves, young leaves, flowers, roots, and fruits, were identified. The results showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid content in the root extract among all extracts, which resulted in the most potent free radical scavenging activity revealed by the DPPH and FRAP assay. The roots and flowers showed the highest bergenin (3.36 � 0.22 mg/g dry weight) and quercetin (2.99 � 0.10 mg/g dry weight) content, respectively. In contrast, embelin was found only in the fruits. Interestingly, AE extracts significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, leading to inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, the results suggest the natural products of AE extracts as effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents that can be utilized for food and pharmaceutical applications.

Effect of Ardisia elliptica Thunb. on Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Rat Models

“…Empirically, the leaves are used as a medicine for diarrhea or scurvy. Many studies have already been done to investigate the pharmacological effect of this plant, such as activity as antiplatelet [4,5], antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities [6] and also the potency as anti-Inflammatory activity [7]. Our previous research showed that Lampeni has potency as antihyperglicemia through alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity [8].…”