Comparative Efficacy of Fumigants Against Hatchling Whitefringed Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae and Their Sorption by Soil

Matthiessen, John N.; Desmarchelier, James M.; Vu, Le Trang; Shackleton, Mark A

doi:10.1093/jee/89.6.1372

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This was most evident for 2‐phenylethyl isothiocyanate at 5 °C, where activity was many thousand‐fold reduced, and which further indicated that the volatility of 2‐phenylethyl isothiocyanate is very low. The present bioassay results suggest that aromatic isothiocyanates in particular are sorbed by soil to an even greater degree than what, from direct analytical measurement, was interpreted as highly active sorption of methyl isothiocyanate by the same soils 13…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Basic characterisation tests (pH, organic matter content, density and moisture content at field capacity) were carried out for that study. Organic matter content, which directly correlated with high sorption, was 3.3, 6.8 and 31.6% in the sand, loam and peat, respectively 13…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Three contrasting soils were used in the bioassays. These were the same sand, loam and peat soils that were used in a previous study of the sorption of several synthetic fumigants, which included methyl isothiocyanate as the sole ITC, and which also investigated their comparative efficacy of against whitefringed weevil, but only in vitro 13. Basic characterisation tests (pH, organic matter content, density and moisture content at field capacity) were carried out for that study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the effect of aliphatic and aromatic isothiocyanates on the mycelial growth of various fungal pathogens was compared by in vitro contact and vapour exposure tests, however, the activity of the aromatic compounds was higher only if they were in direct contact with the test organism because of their low volatility; furthermore, the biological activity and volatility of aliphatic isothiocyanates declined with increasing length of the side chain 12. To add further complexity to these variations in the biological activity of the contrasting types of isothiocyanate under simplified in vitro test systems, methyl isothiocyanate was strongly sorbed by soil, particularly that containing a high level of organic matter 13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biofumigation: environmental impacts on the biological activity of diverse pure and plant‐derived isothiocyanates

Matthiessen

Shackleton

2005

Pest Management Science

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Four pure isothiocyanates (methyl, 2-propenyl, benzyl and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate), hydrolysing tissue of two brassicas rich in either 2-propenyl or 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate, and the methyl isothiocyanate-generating pesticide metam-sodium were tested in vapour exposure tests for biological activity against a model soil insect both in vitro and in the presence of three contrasting soils and under four temperatures from 5 to 20 degrees C. The purpose was to develop an understanding of the factors controlling isothiocyanate release and maintenance in soil in order to identify advantageous attributes to seek in utilising brassicas for isothiocyanate-based biofumigation. Methyl isothiocyanate, structurally the simplest and the most volatile, was the most biologically active isothiocyanate under all conditions. It was less affected by the presence of soil and by lower temperature than the longer-chain aliphatic 2-propenyl isothiocyanate. The activity of the less volatile aromatic isothiocyanates was reduced much more by soil, with a decline up to many thousand-fold in the presence of soil with high organic matter content at lower temperature. Metam-sodium closely reflected the methyl isothiocyanate results. The results indicate that brassicas rich in aliphatic isothiocyanates are more likely to have the potential to exert stronger isothiocyanate-based biofumigation effects than those similarly rich in aromatic isothiocyanates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biofumigation: environmental impacts on the biological activity of diverse pure and plant‐derived isothiocyanates

Matthiessen

Shackleton

2005

Pest Management Science

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“…Price et al (2005) also showed that the concentration of isothiocyanate in the air above soil with incorporated Brassica juncea tissue was higher above a sandy soil low in organic carbon than above a clay soil with higher organic matter content. Matthiessen et al (1996) also demonstrated that methyl isothiocyanate was strongly sorbed by soil, especially organic matter rich soil, reducing the head space concentration to 1% of the initial concentration within 2 h. The effect of temperature and soil moisture was tested, but had little effect on the sorption (Matthiessen et al 1996).…”

Section: Sorption and Volatilisationmentioning

confidence: 98%