Comparative Effects of Methylphenidate and Thioridazine in Hyperkinetic Children

Gittelman-Klein, Rachel

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770100079008

Cited by 178 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Participants were 6-12 year old white boys of middle socioeconomic status, referred to a nocost child psychiatric research clinic in New York between 1970 and 1977 (23,24). Criteria were: referral by schools because of behavior problems; elevated ratings on standard scales of hyperactivity by teachers and parents; behavior problems in settings other than school; a diagnosis of DSM-II hyperkinetic reaction by a child psychiatrist based on interviews with mother and child, and school information; no previous significant treatment with stimulants (defined as more than 10 mg/day of methylphenidate for more than a month); IQ ≥ 85 (25,26); no evidence of psychosis or neurological disorder, and; English-speaking parents and a home telephone.…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of Methylphenidate Treatment Initiation in Children With ADHD and Later Substance Abuse: Prospective Follow-Up Into Adulthood

Mannuzza¹,

Klein²,

Truong³

et al. 2008

AJP

219

166

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Objective-Animal studies report that age at stimulant exposure is positively related to later drug sensitivity. This study was designed to examine whether age at initiation of stimulant treatment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is related to subsequent development of substance use disorder (SUD).Method-Prospective longitudinal study of 176 methylphenidate-treated white boys (6-12 years) with ADHD but without conduct disorder, evaluated at mean ages 18 (94% retention) and 25 (85%), and 178 comparisons diagnosed by blinded clinicians. The Cox proportional hazards model included childhood predictor variables: age at initiation of methylphenidate treatment, total cumulative dose, treatment duration; IQ; severity of hyperactivity; socioeconomic status; also lifetime parent mental disorder. Separate models tested for four lifetime outcomes: Any SUD, Alcohol SUD, Non-Alcohol SUD, and Stimulant SUD. Other outcomes included antisocial personality disorder, mood and anxiety disorders.

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Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of Methylphenidate Treatment Initiation in Children With ADHD and Later Substance Abuse: Prospective Follow-Up Into Adulthood

Mannuzza¹,

Klein²,

Truong³

et al. 2008

AJP

219

166

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“…These studies will be discussed separately below. Three studies presented results for adverse events only, 35,39,57 and these will also be presented below.…”

Section: Mph High Dose (>30 Mg/day) Versus Placebomentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and economic model of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of methylphenidate, dexamfetamine and atomoxetine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents

King

Griffin²,

Hodges³

et al. 2006

Health Technol Assess

143

117

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Non-UK purchasers will have to pay a small fee for post and packing. For European countries the cost is £2 per monograph and for the rest of the world £3 per monograph.You can order HTA monographs from our Despatch Agents:-fax (with credit card or official purchase order) -post (with credit card or official purchase order or cheque) -phone during office hours (credit card only).Additionally the HTA website allows you either to pay securely by credit card or to print out your order and then post or fax it. NHS libraries can subscribe free of charge. Public libraries can subscribe at a very reduced cost of £100 for each volume (normally comprising 30-40 titles). The commercial subscription rate is £300 per volume. Please see our website for details. Subscriptions can only be purchased for the current or forthcoming volume. Contact details are as follows: Payment methods Paying by chequeIf you pay by cheque, the cheque must be in pounds sterling, made payable to Direct Mail Works Ltd and drawn on a bank with a UK address. Paying by credit cardThe following cards are accepted by phone, fax, post or via the website ordering pages: Delta, Eurocard, Mastercard, Solo, Switch and Visa. We advise against sending credit card details in a plain email. Paying by official purchase orderYou can post or fax these, but they must be from public bodies (i.e. NHS or universities) within the UK. We cannot at present accept purchase orders from commercial companies or from outside the UK. How do I get a copy of HTA on CD?Please use the form on the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk/htacd.htm). Or contact Direct Mail Works (see contact details above) by email, post, fax or phone. HTA on CD is currently free of charge worldwide.The website also provides information about the HTA Programme and lists the membership of the various committees. HTA NHS R&D HTA ProgrammeT he research findings from the NHS R&D Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme directly influence key decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC) who rely on HTA outputs to help raise standards of care. HTA findings also help to improve the quality of the service in the NHS indirectly in that they form a key component of the 'National Knowledge Service' that is being developed to improve the evidence of clinical practice throughout the NHS.The HTA Programme was set up in 1993. Its role is to ensure that high-quality research information on the costs, effectiveness and broader impact of health technologies is produced in the most efficient way for those who use, manage and provide care in the NHS. 'Health technologies' are broadly defined to include all interventions used to promote health, prevent and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care, rather than settings of care.The HTA Programme commissions research only on topics where it has identified key gaps in the evidence needed by the NHS. Suggestions for topics are actively sought from people working in the NHS,...

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“…This ar ti cle sys tem ati cally ap praises the meth ods and re sults of pub lished stud ies in which ADHD treat ment per sisted for more than 12 weeks (Ta ble 1,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Al though ADHD treatment typi cally con tin ues for many years (36), we iden ti fied those stud ies in which treat ment per sisted for a mini mum of 12 weeks un der ran dom ized con di tions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Of the 429 com para tive stud ies, 293 were RCTs, and 136 were non-RCTs. Of these, we iden ti fied 14 RCTs that met cri te ria for long-term treatment stud ies (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Stud ies us ing the same sub jects were com bined and con sid ered as a sin gle data set (45).…”

Section: Lit Era Ture Search Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on an un speci fied teacher re port of arith metic, but not on a teacher re port of read ing, GittlemanKlein and oth ers (29) re ported that MPH with or with out thiori daz ine re sulted in greater im prove ment than thio ri daz ine alone. Lin den and oth ers (32) re ported that a group treated with EEG bio feed back showed sig nifi cantly greater im provement on an in tel li gence test than did a wait-list con trol group.…”

Section: Ef Fect On Aca Demic Per Form Ancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Critical Appraisal of Extended Treatment Studies

et al. 2002

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, Char les Cun ning ham, PhD 7Key Words: attention-deficit hy per ac tiv ity dis or der, ADHD, sys tem atic re view, treat ment, stimu lants, be hav ioural ther apy A ttention-deficit hy per ac tiv ity dis or der (ADHD) (1) is a com mon psy chi at ric dis or der oc cur ring in ap proximately 5% of school-aged chil dren, ado les cents, and adults (1,2). It is a fre quent rea son for re fer ral to men tal health services (3). ADHD is first evi dent in the pre school years (4) and per sists in as many as 70% of in di vidu als through out childhood and ado les cence and into adult hood (5,6). Af fected in dividu als are at risk for op po si tional de fi ant dis or der (ODD), con duct dis or der (CD), de pres sion, anxi ety, and learn ing disabil ity (LD) (7). They are also at risk for the de vel op ment of de lin quency or crimi nal ity, and for school sus pen sion, academic un dera chieve ment, low self-esteem, and sub stance abuse (8). Treat ments must be of suf fi cient in ten sity to have an im me di ate im pact on the core ADHD symp toms, and they We un der took a sys tem atic re view of the lit era ture on the long-term treat ment of attentiondeficit hy per ac tiv ity dis or der (ADHD). We used sys tem atic strate gies to iden tify ran domized treat ment stud ies in which treat ment was ad min is tered for 12 weeks or more. We included 14 stud ies in volv ing 1379 sub jects. Be cause of the lim ited number of high-quality stud ies and the het ero ge ne ity of out come meas ures, we did not per form metaana ly sis. We rated 5 stud ies as ade quate for meth odo logi cal qual ity. Five stud ies fol lowed chil dren for more than 26 weeks. Phar ma cologic in ter ven tions were stud ied more fre quently than nonphar ma cologic ones. Six stud ies per mit ted evalua tion of the ef fects of com bined drug and be hav ioural in ter ven tion. Twenty-five dif fer ent out comes were meas ured us ing 26 dif fer ent tests. Stimu lant medi ca tion ap pears to re duce ADHD (7 stud ies), dys func tional so cial behav iour (6 stud ies), and in ter nal iz ing symp toms (2 stud ies). Avail able stud ies pro vide lit tle evi dence for im proved aca demic per form ance with stimu lants (3 stud ies). Medi ca tions other than stimu lants have not been stud ied ex ten sively (3 stud ies). Only 1 study showed that com bi na tion ther apy adds to the ef fects of medi ca tion. Rig or ous treat ment re search among rep re sen ta tive sam ples of ADHD in di vidu als is needed.(Can J Psy chia try 2002;47:337-348) Clini cal Im pli ca tions• Sys tem atic re views are im por tant tools for de ci sion mak ers but the meth odo logi cal rig our of ran dom ized con trolled tri als (RCTs) of long-term attention-deficit hy per ac tiv ity dis or d er (ADHD) treat ment is low.• These stud ies do not clar ify the ef fect of treat ment on im por tant out comes.• Com bined phar ma cologic and non phar ma cologic in ter ven tions yield the best out comes. Limi ta tions• The ef fects of non phar ma cologic treat ment and drugs other than stimu lants are lit ...

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Comparative Effects of Methylphenidate and Thioridazine in Hyperkinetic Children

Cited by 178 publications

References 10 publications

Age of Methylphenidate Treatment Initiation in Children With ADHD and Later Substance Abuse: Prospective Follow-Up Into Adulthood

Age of Methylphenidate Treatment Initiation in Children With ADHD and Later Substance Abuse: Prospective Follow-Up Into Adulthood

A systematic review and economic model of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of methylphenidate, dexamfetamine and atomoxetine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Critical Appraisal of Extended Treatment Studies

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