Comparative effects of grain lentil–wheat and monoculture wheat on crop production, N economy and N fertility in a Brown Chernozem

Campbell, Carol; Zentner, R. P.; Selles, F.; Biederbeck, V. O.; Leyshon, A. J.

doi:10.4141/cjps92-135

Cited by 99 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In 1993, 1995 and 1996, wheat yields were also higher in the first than in the second year of wheat after fallow in the F-W-W (N & P) rotation. For the same experiment, wheat grain yields in F-W (N & P) were generally higher than in ContW (N & P), from 1979 to 1990 (Campbell et al 1992). …”

Section: Grain Yields In Crop Rotation Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of crop rotations and fertilizer management on leaf spotting diseases of spring wheat in southwestern Saskatchewan

Fernandez¹,

Zentner²,

McConkey³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 1998. Effects of crop rotations and fertilizer management on leaf spotting diseases of wheat in southwestern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: [489][490][491][492][493][494][495][496]. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of crop sequence, summerfallow frequency, and fertilizer application, on the severity of leaf spotting diseases of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the field experiment examined, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. was the pathogen most commonly isolated from lesioned leaf tissue, followed by stagonospora blotch (Phaeosphaeria nodorum [E. Müller] Hedjaroude). The severity of leaf spots in wheat after fallow was greater than in monoculture continuous wheat, or in wheat after a noncereal crop. Percent area with leaf spots in wheat grown after wheat was higher than in wheat grown after flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) or lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) in years with high disease pressure (1995 and 1996), but not in 1993 or 1994 when overall disease levels were low. Under soil N-deficient conditions, leaf spot levels increased in years with dry summers (1994 and 1996), whereas a P deficiency decreased leaf spot severity in years that had cool and wet springs (1995 and 1996). A survey of producers' fields confirmed the observations made in the research plots, in particular, wheat after wheat was not more severely diseased than wheat grown in rotation with a noncereal crop. We concluded that the use of fallow, or 1 yr of rotation with a noncereal crop, will not reduce leaf spotting diseases of spring wheat in southwestern Saskatchewan. The best rotation aimed at reducing the levels of disease appeared to be 2 consecutive years of spring wheat, followed by at least 2 yr of a noncereal crop, or by a noncereal crop and summerfallow.Key words: Leaf spot, tan spot, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, stagonospora blotch, Phaeosphaeria nodorum, septoria blotch, Mycosphaerella graminicola, crop rotation, tillage, fertility Fernandez, M. R., Zentner, R. P., McConkey, B. G. et Campbell, C. A. 1998. Effets des rotations des cultures et de la conduite de la fumure sur l'incidence des taches foliaires chez le blé de printemps dans le sud-ouest de la Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 489-496. L'objet de nos travaux était de déterminer les effets de la séquence culturale, de la fréquence d'insertion de la jachère et de la fumure sur la gravité des taches foliaires dans les cultures de blé de printemps (Triticum aestivum L.). Dans l'expérience, réalisée au champ, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. était l'agent pathogène le plus couramment mis en évi-dence dans les lésions foliaires, suivi de Phaeosphaeria nodorum (F. Muller) Hedjaroude, la tache des glumes. La gravité des taches foliaires du blé après une jachère était plus forte qu'en culture du blé en continu ou qu'après une culture non céréalière. La proportion de la surface foliaire recouverte par les taches était plus grande dans une deuxième sole successive de blé que dans une sole de blé succédant à une sole de l...

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Section: Grain Yields In Crop Rotation Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of crop rotations and fertilizer management on leaf spotting diseases of spring wheat in southwestern Saskatchewan

Fernandez¹,

Zentner²,

McConkey³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

Self Cite

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“…Since flax remains in that rotation study at Swift Current and since it did not appear promising economically, flax was omitted from the current study. After 12 yr of a crop rotation study at Swift Current, Campbell et al (1992) reported a mean yield for lentil of 720 kg ha -1 when grown in a continuous crop rotation alternating with wheat, making this rotation more profitable than any other rotation in the study. Further, rotational benefits to wheat were evident from conserved soil N and water during the lentil phase.…”

Section: Canadian Journal Of Plant Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie

Miller¹,

McDonald²,

Derksen³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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, J. 2001. The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 29-43. To develop diversified cropping systems for the dry semiarid prairie, the adaptation of alternative crops must be known. This experiment compared the adaptation of seven pulse and oilseed crops -desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris L.), mustard (Brassica juncea L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) -with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), using two tillage practices -no-till and minimum tillage, including both fallow and wheat stubble-field phases. It was conducted near Swift Current, SK 1992-1996, and on a commercial farm near Congress, SK 1994-1995. Tillage system had no consistent effect on plant densities, which were generally adequate. Mustard, desi chickpea, dry pea and lentil required fewer degree days (5°C base) to reach anthesis, compared with wheat, while safflower and sunflower required more than wheat. Dry pea generally matured sooner than wheat, while lentil and mustard matured earlier than wheat only in years when near normal climatic conditions occurred. All other crops generally matured later than wheat. Safflower required an additional 400 degree-days and as a result presents considerable production risk in the semiarid prairies. Dry pea grain yields averaged 103% of wheat when grown on fallow and 135% of wheat when grown on stubble. Chickpea, lentil and dry pea yielded 76%, 77% and 90%, respectively, of their fallow-field yields when grown on stubble, indicating that the pulse crops have excellent potential for intensifying cropping systems in the dry semiarid prairie by replacing summerfallow in crop rotations. In contrast, wheat and mustard grown on stubble yielded only 66 and 61%, respectively, of fallow-field yields, suggesting they are not as well suited for stubble-cropping as the pulse crops. Low and highly variable yields were observed for safflower, dry bean and sunflower in both field-phases, although the yields from dwarf hybrid sunflower in the latter 2 yr of the study appeared promising. Low seed N concentration in wheat indicated yields were limited by soil-available N in most years, due to the generally wetter than normal growing seasons encountered during this study. The mean N yield (seed N concentration × grain yield) of dry pea was double that for chickpea and lentil, indicating that dry pea fixed the greatest amount of atmospheric N 2 . Water-use efficiency for dry pea averaged 9.4 kg ha -1 mm -1 compared with 7.4 kg ha -1 mm -1 for wheat. Dry pea, chickpea, lentil, mustard and sunflower have good potential for diversifying cropping systems in the dry semiarid prairie. Le régime de travail du sol n'avait pas d'effets constants sur la densité de peuplement des cultures, laquelles en général était satisfaisante. La moutarde, le pois chiche desi, le pois sec et la lentille prenaient moins de degrés-jours de croissance (seuil 5°C) pour arriver à ...

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“…Longer-term studies suggest that N-benefits to wheat may be realized only after multiple years of legumes in rotation (Campbell et al 1992;Zentner et al 2004;Walley et al 2007;Allen et al 2011). This delayed response may be a reality of cool, waterlimited conditions in the NGP leading to low annual legume biomass contributions, slow breakdown of residues, and subsequent slow release of available N (Janzen et al 1990;Bremer and van Kessel 1992;Beckie et al 1997), especially in no-till systems (Schoenau and Campbell 1996;Triplett and Dick 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legume, cropping intensity, and N-fertilization effects on soil attributes and processes from an eight-year-old semiarid wheat system

O'Dea

Jones

Zabinski

et al. 2015

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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In the North American northern Great Plains (NGP), legumes are promising summer fallow replacement/cropping intensification options that may decrease dependence on nitrogen (N) fertilizer in small grain systems and mitigate effects of soil organic matter (SOM) losses from summer fallow. Benefits may not be realized immediately in semiarid conditions though, and longer-term effects of legumes and intensified cropping in this region are unclear, particularly in no-till systems. We compared effects of four no-till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping systems-summer fallow-wheat (F-W), continuous wheat (CW), legume green manure (pea, Pisum sativum L.)-wheat (LGM-W), and pea-wheat (P-W)-on select soil attributes in an 8-year-old rotation study, and N fertilizer effects on C and N mineralization on a duplicate soil set in a laboratory experiment. We analyzed potentially mineralizable carbon and nitrogen (PMC and PMN) and mineralization trends with a nonlinear model, microbial biomass carbon (MB-C), and wet aggregate stability (WAS). Legume-containing systems generally resulted in higher PMC, PMN, and MB-C, while intensified systems (CW and P-W) had higher WAS. Half-lives of PMC were shortest in intensified systems, and were longest in legume systems (LGM-W and P-W) for PMN. Nitrogen addition depressed C and N mineralization, particularly in CW, and generally shortened the half-life of mineralizable C. Legumes may increase long-term, no-till NGP agroecosystem resilience and sustainability by (1) increasing the available N-supply (*26-50 %) compared to wheatonly systems, thereby reducing the need for N fertilizer for subsequent crops, and (2) by potentially mitigating negative effects of SOM loss from summer fallow.

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Comparative effects of grain lentil–wheat and monoculture wheat on crop production, N economy and N fertility in a Brown Chernozem

Cited by 99 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of crop rotations and fertilizer management on leaf spotting diseases of spring wheat in southwestern Saskatchewan

Effects of crop rotations and fertilizer management on leaf spotting diseases of spring wheat in southwestern Saskatchewan

The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie

Legume, cropping intensity, and N-fertilization effects on soil attributes and processes from an eight-year-old semiarid wheat system

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