Comparative economic and environmental analysis of conventional, hybrid and electric vehicles – the case study of Greece

Nanaki, Evanthia A.; Koroneos, C.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.04.010

Cited by 150 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, some authors set the carbon footprint of renewable electricity to zero, referring to it as "carbon-free electricity". 53,54 Such a rough approximation disregards the impacts of producing and installing renewable energy technologies. Electricity produced to 100% from wind energy is according to the ecoinvent database associated with a carbon footprint of 21 g CO 2 equiv/kWh including transfer losses.…”

Section: Carbon Footprint General Modeling Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and critical aspects in the life-cycle assessment of battery electric cars

Helmers¹,

Weiss²

2017

EECT

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Concerns over climate change, air pollution, and oil supply have stimulated the market for battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The environmental impacts of BEVs are typically evaluated through a standardized life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Here, the LCA literature was surveyed with the objective to sketch the major trends and challenges in the impact assessment of BEVs. It was found that BEVs tend to be more energy efficient and less polluting than conventional cars. BEVs decrease exposure to air pollution as their impacts largely result from vehicle production and electricity generation outside of urban areas. The carbon footprint of BEVs, being highly sensitive to the carbon intensity of the electricity mix, may decrease in the nearby future through a shift to renewable energies and technology improvements in general. A minority of LCAs covers impact categories other than carbon footprint, revealing a mixed picture. There has been little attention paid so far in LCA to the efficiency advantage of BEVs in urban traffic, the gap between on-road and certified energy consumption, the local exposure to air pollutants and noise and the aging of emissions control technologies in conventional cars. Improvements of BEV components, directed charging, second-life reuse of vehicle batteries, as well as vehicle-to-home and vehicleto-grid applications will significantly reduce the environmental impacts of BEVs in the future.

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Section: Carbon Footprint General Modeling Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and critical aspects in the life-cycle assessment of battery electric cars

Helmers¹,

Weiss²

2017

EECT

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show abstract

“…However, in an editorial article on LCSA and its future, Zamagni (2012) emphasized that "more research is needed to make decision making frameworks operational in the LCSA framework". On the other hand, numerous studies were found that address issues related to the environmental impacts of alternative vehicle technologies (Elgowainy and Burnham, 2009;Faria et al, 2013Faria et al, , 2012Kelly et al, 2012;Marshall et al, 2013;Nanaki and Koroneos, 2013;Raykin et al, 2012;Samaras and Meisterling, 2008;Sharma et al, 2013;Strecker et al, 2014). For more information about the studies focusing on the environmental impacts of alternative vehicle technologies, please see the referred review studies (Hawkins et al, 2012;Nordel€ of et al, 2014).…”

Section: Multi-criteria Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined application of multi-criteria optimization and life-cycle sustainability assessment for optimal distribution of alternative passenger cars in U.S.

Onat

Küçükvar

Tatari

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

106

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“…Although the literature is abundant with studies focusing on environmental impacts of alternative vehicle technologies [1,2,13,[48][49][50][51], the social and economic dimensions of adoption of these vehicle technologies were not investigated sufficiently. Moreover, studies covering economic dimensions are mostly limited to life cycle cost analyses and do not investigate the economy-wide impacts of alternative vehicle technologies.…”

Section: Research Objectives Against the Background Of The State-of-tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Alternative Passenger Vehicles

2014

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Sustainable transportation and mobility are key components and central to sustainable development. This research aims to reveal the macro-level social, economic, and environmental impacts of alternative vehicle technologies in the U.S. The studied vehicle technologies are conventional gasoline, hybrid, plug-in hybrid with four different all-electric ranges, and full battery electric vehicles (BEV). In total, 19 macro level sustainability indicators are quantified for a scenario in which electric vehicles are charged through the existing U.S. power grid with no additional infrastructure, and an extreme scenario in which electric vehicles are fully charged with solar charging stations. The analysis covers all life cycle phases from the material extraction, processing, manufacturing, and operation phases to the end-of-life phases of vehicles and batteries. Results of this analysis revealed that the manufacturing phase is the most influential phase in terms of socio-economic impacts compared to other life cycle phases, whereas operation phase is the most dominant phase in the terms of environmental impacts and some of the socio-economic impacts such as human health and economic cost of emissions. Electric vehicles have less air pollution cost and human health impacts compared to conventional gasoline vehicles. The economic cost of emissions and human health impact reduction potential can be up to 45% and 35%, respectively, if electric vehicles are charged through solar charging stations. Electric vehicles have potential to generate income for low and medium skilled workers in the U.S. In addition to quantified sustainability indicators, some sustainability metrics were developed to OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2014, 6 9306 compare relative sustainability performance alternative passenger vehicles. BEV has the lowest greenhouse gas emissions and ecological land footprint per $ of its contribution to the U.S. GDP, and has the lowest ecological footprint per unit of its energy consumption. The only sustainability metrics that does not favor the BEV is the water-energy ratio, where the conventional gasoline vehicle performed best.

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Comparative economic and environmental analysis of conventional, hybrid and electric vehicles – the case study of Greece

Cited by 150 publications

References 8 publications

Advances and critical aspects in the life-cycle assessment of battery electric cars

Advances and critical aspects in the life-cycle assessment of battery electric cars

Combined application of multi-criteria optimization and life-cycle sustainability assessment for optimal distribution of alternative passenger cars in U.S.

Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Alternative Passenger Vehicles

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